1. U.S. History & Government
U.S. Immigration Policy

2. U.S. Immigration 1830-2000 National Origins Acts (Quota Acts)
“Open” Immigration
Immigration & Nationality Act
Gentlemen’s Agreement
Chinese Exclusion Act

3. Why do people immigrate?
Push Factors: Reasons why migrants leave their homelands.
Pull Factors: Reasons why migrants are attracted to certain areas.

4. Three Waves of U.S. Immigration
First Wave (Old Immigrants)
Second Wave (New Immigrants)
Third Wave (Newest Immigrants) 1965-Present

5. First Wave (Old) Immigrants
Arrived:
Origins: Ireland & Germany
Most were Catholic
Push Factors: Potato Famine, Religious & Political Persecution and Instability
Pull Factors: Jobs in northeastern factories
A Nativist Political Cartoon

6. Discrimination Against Asians
Chinese laborers recruited for railroad construction in the West
CA excluded from mining
Chinese Exclusion Act (1882): Prohibited Chinese & Korean Immigration to U.S.
Gentlemen’s Agreement (1907): Japan would not allow its citizens to migrate to the U.S.
By Thomas Nast (1882)

7. Second Wave (New) Immigrants
Arrived
Origins: Southern & Eastern Europe
Characteristics: Diverse Languages & Religions (Catholic, Jewish, & Eastern Orthodox)
Push Factors: Religious persecution, economic & political instability
Pull Factors: Jobs created by industrialization

8. Second Wave Immigration 1880-1920

9. Third Wave (Newest) Immigrants
Arrived 1965-Present
Origins: Everywhere... (Esp. Latin America, Asia, Eastern Europe)
Push Factors: Lower standard of living, ethnic or religious persecution
Pull Factors: Jobs & economic prosperity
A Naturalization Ceremony for New Citizens

10. Nativism Nativism: Anti-Immigrant Feelings
The Know Nothings: Anti-Immigrant Group in the 1850s… mainly targeted Irish & Germans
Anti-Chinese discrimination & violence in the 1880s
The Ku Klux Klan: In the 1920s, mainly targeted immigrants (mainly Catholics & Jews)
The Quota Acts were clear examples of Nativist legislation.