1. The Protestant Reformation

2. Learning Targets
I can identify the root words in Protestant Reformation and understand their meaning
I can explain what an indulgence is and how it evolved into an abusive practice
I can identify who Martin Luther was and what he wrote
I can explain the importance of the Printing Press with regard to the protestant reformation

3. The Protestant Reformation
Caused by a questioning (protest) of the Church in Northern Europe
The selling of indulgences
$$$ for pardoning of sins

4. Purgatory
during the crusades, Pope Urban promised indulgences for people who took the cross to fight

5. Martin Luther Credited with beginning the Reformation
German monk upset with the selling of indulgences
Came up with a list of 95 arguments against indulgences – known as 95 Theses

6. 95 Theses
Nailed them to a church door in Wittenberg, Germany on October 31, (legend says so anyhow…)
Spark of The Reformation
They argued against Church abuses, but focused on the indulgences

7. 95 Theses Main ideas of the 95 Theses:
Faith alone will get you to Heaven
No indulgences
People can read and interpret the Bible themselves
Only two true sacraments
Baptism
Communion

8. 95 Theses
Pope Leo X excommunicated Luther from the Roman Catholic Church for his writings
Followers of Luther became known as Lutherans
First Protestant sect (branch)
Luther continued to criticize the Church until his death in 1546
Versus

9. The Printing Press First used by Johann Gutenburg in 1456 – Germany
First book was a Bible
Used moveable type

10. The Printing Press Resulted in: More books available (cheaper)
Increase in literacy
Ideas and education to spread rapidly
Luther’s 95 Theses

11. Effects of the Reformation
Formation of Protestant Churches
Religious and Political Divisions in Europe
Leads people to seek new lands for their religions
Religious Conflicts: Catholics vs. Protestants

12. Division of Christianity

13. The English Reformation
A Tale of Family Drama and Intrigue

14. King Henry VIII
King Henry VIII wants an annulment (divorce) from wife Catherine
a. He needed a male heir and she only had Mary Tudor
b. Fell in love with Anne Boleyn
c. Pope refused to give him an annulment

15. King Henry VIII Henry breaks with the Roman Catholic Church
a. He starts his own Church of England (Anglican Church)
b. Gets his annulment and marries Anne Boleyn
i. Their daughter is Elizabeth
1. Anne Boleyn is beheaded for not having a son

16. King Henry VIII c. 1534 – Parliament passes the Acts of Supremacy
i. Makes English ruler the head of English (Anglican) Church
1. Blend of Catholic and Protestant

17. Edward VI Edward VI takes over when Henry VIII dies
a. Only nine years old
i. He makes the Anglican Church completely Protestant
Uncle Edward had the real power over Edward VI’s reign

18. Mary Tudor
IV. Mary Tudor takes over when Edward dies (in his teens) – he was her half-brother
a. She moves the Anglican Church back to Catholic
b. Known as “Bloody Mary” for killing Protestants
c. Dies without having children

19. Elizabeth I V. Elizabeth I inherits the throne from Mary (25 yrs old)
a. She is Protestant and moves England back that way
b. Forms the Elizabethan Settlement
i. A compromise between Catholic and Protestant
1. Leads to unity and stability

20. The Tudor Family Henry VIII – (1st Wife) Catherine
(2nd Wife) (child)Mary Tudor
Anne Boleyn (Catholic)
(child) Elizabeth I Only Son (with 3rd wife)
Protestant Edward VI – Protestant
=Elizabethan Settlement