1. Somatoform [now known as Complex Somatic Symptom Disorder (CSSD)] and Dissociative Disorders

2. Somatoform disorders
occur when a person manifests a psychological problem through a physiological symptom
hypochondriasis - frequent physical complaints for which medical doctors are unable to locate the cause
Actually believe they are ill, not seeking attention
conversion disorder - existence of a severe physical problem such as paralysis or blindness or uncontrollable physical movements
be unable to move their arms or see or cannot control actions.
no biological reason for this problem can be identified.

3. Dissociative Disorders
Conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings.
Symptoms
Having a sense of being unreal.
Preview Question 8: What are dissociative disorders, and why are they controversial?
2. Being separated from the body.
3. Watching yourself as if in a movie.

4. Dissociative Disorders
Psychogenic amnesia - when a person cannot remember specific events
no physiological basis for the disruption in memory can be identified.
Psychogenic fugue - experience long period of amnesia
find themselves in an unfamiliar environment with new life.
Multiple personality disorder (MPD) now known as Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) - when a person has exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities rather than one integrated personality.

5. DID Critics
Critics argue that the diagnosis of DID increased in the late 20th century. DID has not been found in other countries.
Critics’ Arguments
Role-playing by people open to a therapist’s suggestion.
2. Learned response that reinforces reductions in anxiety.