1. Teachers:
Noelia Fernández
Sara Pascual
U.2 EARTH

2. THE ATMOSPHERE The layers of the atmosphere
The composition of the atmosphere

3. THE LAYERS OF THE ATMOSPHERE
The TOP layer has little oxygen. It protect us from harmful rays of the Sun.
We live in the BOTTOM layer. It has air and rainwater.
Earth has a very special characteristic: AIR.
Air is the mixture of gases thanks to which living things can breath.
The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth.

4. THE COMPOSITION OF THE ATMOSPHERE
Different gases make up the air in the atmosphere.
They have weight and take up space.
NITROGEN is the most abundant.
OXYGEN is the gas we need to breath.
Air has other gases like CARBON DIOXIDE and WATER VAPOUR.

5. 2. THE HYDROSPHERE
Water on our planet
The water cycle

6. Liquid water
Gaseous water
Solid water
Lakes, oceans, seas…
Clouds
Snow or ice
The water in the hydrosphere exists in three different states.
WATER ON OUR PLANET

7. THE WATER CYCLE 1 EVAPORATION
Heat from the Sun turns the water in oceans into water vapour.
5 TRANSPORTATION
Rivers and other streams transport water back to the oceans.
3 PRECIPITATION
The clouds release water back to Earth as rain, snow or hail.
2 CONDENSATION
When the water vapor goes up, it gets cold and form the clouds.
4 INFILTRATION
Some water goes into the ground.

8. 3. TAKING CARE OF THE ENVIRONMENT
How to take care of the atmosphere
How can we take care of water

9. HOW TO TAKE CARE OF THE ATMOSPHERE
When we heat hour houses, travel by car or use the fridge, we produce gases that pollute the air.
To reduce air pollution we can do many things:
Take public transport and walk or use the bike.
Reduce the use of aerosols.
Look after the trees.
Switch-off all the lights and other machines when not required.

10. HOW WE CAN TAKE CARE OF WATER
We use water for many activities:
At home
In farming
In industry…
The only water we can use is fresh water, but it is a limited resource.

11. WATER TREATMENT PROCESS

12. 1
The water we get from the TAP is drinking water that is safe to drink. 4
TREATED WATER can only be used for irrigation or industrial processes. 2
The dirty water we use goes down the DRAIN. 3
This water goes to a TREATMENT PLANT where it is cleaned.

13. HOW WE CAN TAKE CARE OF WATER
We can use water wisely in many ways:
Taking shorter showers.
Running dishwashers and washing machines when they are full.
Turning off the tap when brushing your teeht or washing your hands…

14. THE THREE Rs
REUSE
RECYCLE

15. 4. THE GEOSPHERE
The parts of the geosphere
The continents

16. THE GEOSPHERE It has three parts. CORE
It’s the inner layer. The temperatures here are very high.
CRUST
It’s the outer layer. It’s shaped into many dufferent landforms:
Mountains
Hills
Deserts
Ocean floor…
MANTLE
It’s the middle layer. The lava from volcanoes comes from here.

17. THE CONTINENTS They are part of Earth’s crust.
Earth has six continents. They are separated by seas and oceans.
Arctic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Indian
Ocean
Pacific Ocean
Antarctic Ocean

18. 5. REPRESENTING EARTH
Globes: 3 dimensions
Maps: 2 dimensions

19. A globe represents Earth.
EARTH’S TITLE AXIS
NORTHERN HEMISPHERE
EARTH’S POLES
EQUATOR
SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE
PARALELS
MERIDIANS
GLOBES: 3 DIMENSIONS
A globe represents Earth.

20. MAPS: 2 DIMENSIONS A map includes: LEYEND
It explains what the symbols on the map mean
COMPASS ROSE
ILLUSTRATIONS

21. CLASSIFICATION OF MAPS
PHYSICAL MAP
It shows:
Mountains
Lakes
Oceans
Seas
Rivers
Deserts…
POLITICAL MAP
It shows how a territory is divided, for exmaple, into countries or provinces.

22. The Sun always sets in this point.
6. GETTING AROUND THE PLANET
Cardinal points
NORTH
WEST
The Sun always sets in this point.
EAST
The Sun always rises in this point.
SOUTH

23. QUESTIONS

24. Carbon dioxide and Water Vapour
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide and Water Vapour
Nitrogen
Label the pie chart with the words given.

25. Complete the table with examples of
these types of water.
LIQUID WATER
GASEOUS WATER
SOLID WATER

26. Order the Water Cycle Process.
Precipitation
Transport
Evaporation
Infiltration
Condensation

27. Explain which means of transport help to stop air pollution

28. What does this sign mean?
Explain your answer

29. the water treatment process in order.
Treatment plant
Drain
Treated water
Tap
Put these words from
the water treatment process in order.

30. MATCH THE IMAGES TO THE SENTENCES
It is a landform that you can find on Earth’s crust.
The material that it ejects comes from Earth’s mantle.

31. DECIDE WHICH IS THE ODD ONE OUT.
CRUST - CORE - SNOW - MANTLE
EUROPE - AMERICA - SPAIN - ASIA

32. Complete the table CONTINENTS OCEANS A _ _ _ _ _ _ A _ _ _ _ _
A _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Ocean
P _ _ _ _ _ _ Ocean
I _ _ _ _ _ Ocean
A _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Ocean
A _ _ _ _ _ Ocean

33. Complete the senteces
latitude
meridians
equator
axis
The ……………………. divides Earth into two hemispheres: North and South.
Earth spins on its …………………..
The ……………………. are the lines of longitude that go from the top to the bottom of Earth.
The parallels are lines of …………………… that go around Earth.

34. Label these cardinal points.
Northwest
Southeast
Northeast
Southwest