1. Macedonia
Greece
Asian Minor
500 BC

2. Secular or Non-Religious
BCE = Before Common Era
CE = Common Era
500 BC
400 BC
100 BC
1 AD
1776 AD
2006 AD
BC =
Before Christ
AD =
Anno Domini
In the Year of our Lord

3. Greece

4. Ch 1 section 1 Rise of Greek City-States
Large city that operates like a state (independent)
Two levels of a city-state
Acropolis: hilltop part of the city.
Lower city: homes, theaters, marketplace, etc.
City-states were small in population
Name a few advantages of having a small population.

5. City-state Government
Greece was ruled by a monarch
Monarchy:
Central power lies with king or a queen
Power struggle between
King (rich and powerful)
Noble landowners (Rich)
The new middle class– wealthy merchants, and farmers.

7. Sparta Sparta (city-state 700BC) Spartan Citizens were
Military city-state
Boys began training at seven for a lifetime in the army
Girls were valued for their ability to produce healthy boys
Government included
2 kings and a council of elders
Spartan Citizens were
All free native born MALES over 30

8. Athens Athens (city-state) Started as a monarchy
Then aristocracy (nobles)
Discontent (unhappy) citizens caused the government to become a democracy
Reasons for discontent
Farmers were forced to sell land to nobles
Many farmers sold themselves and family into slavery to pay off debt.
Democracy:
government by the people, for the people and of the people.
Direct Democracy

9. What caused democracy in ancient Greece?
Discontent (unhappy) people
Farmers were forced to sell their land to nobles
Many farmers sold themselves and families into slavery to pay off debts

10. However, continued unrest gave rise to tyrants Cleisthenes
Solon
Athenian lawyer and poet
Outlawed debt slavery
Freed slaves who had sold themselves into slavery
Opened offices to more citizens
Increased the assembly’s power
However, continued unrest gave rise to tyrants
Leaders who gain power by force
Cleisthenes
Set up the Council of 500
Lawmakers or a legislature

11. Macedonia
Greece
Persia
Athens
Peloponnesus
Sparta

12. Persian Wars Persia Greece Macedonia Athens Sparta 490 BC 480 BC
Persian Army
Persia
Athens
Peloponnesus
Sparta
Persian Wars
490 BC
480 BC

13. What effect did the Persian Wars have on the role of Athens in the Greek world?
Athens emerged from the Persian Wars as the dominant city-state in Greece.

14. Athens in the Age of Pericles
Athenian leader. ( BC)
Athens practiced a direct democracy
Citizens participate in government directly.
U.S. participate indirectly through representatives.
Believed all males should participate in govt.
Jury
Panel of citizens who have the authority to make the final judgment in a trial
100s to 1000s jurors
Male citizens over 30

15. How did citizens participate in democracy in Greece
How did citizens participate in democracy in Greece? Was it different to our role in democracy currently in the US?
All citizens in Greece participated directly in government.
US citizens participate indirectly in government through representatives we elect

16. Asia Minor Aegean Sea Ancient Greece Mt. Olympus Troy Athens
Delphi
Mycenae
Athens
Peloponnesus
Sparta
Mediterranean Sea
Ancient
Greece
Crete

17. 9 1 6 7 4 8 2 5
Ancient
Greece 3

18. The Peloponnesian War Peloponnesian War (431 BC)
Athens v Sparta (both Greek city-states)
Lasted 27 years
Spartans captured Athens in 404 BC
Sparta was a military state
As a result, Democracy began to decline in Greece

19. Due to the Peloponnesian War, what began to decline in Greece and why?
Democracy began to decline in Greece because the Spartans took over. Corruption and selfish interests replaced older ideals such as service to the city-states.

20. Alexander The Great Alexander was ruler of Macedonia
His father conquered Greece in 338 BC
Alexander then conquered the Persian Empire

21. Greece Persian Empire King Philip II Macedonia 338 BC Alexander The
Great
Macedonia
338 BC
Greece
Persian
Empire

22. Alexander’s Empire

23. P.16

24. Alexander’s Legacy Alexander died in 323 BC His empire was divided up
Greek culture spread, and blended with the local culture
Greek, Persian, Egyptian, and Indian
Hellenistic Age

25. Greek Religion
Polytheistic
Belief in many Gods
Greek Mythology

26. Pop Quiz List at least two Greek city-states.
Name at least 3 Greek philosophers.
What is a direct democracy?
In which city-state was democracy born?
Which four cultures were a part of the Hellenistic Age?
What caused the government in Athens to become a democracy?
At what age did Spartan boys begin military training?

28. Solon Made many needed reforms Opened offices to more citizens
Gave Athenian assembly more say in decisions

29. Pisastratus Seized power by force
Gave farmers and poor citizens a greater voice
Weakened the aristocracy

30. Cleisthenes Broadened role of ordinary citizen in government
Set up Council of 500
Made the assembly a genuine legislature

31. Pericles Led a thriving economy and more democratic government
Believed all male citizens, regardless of wealth or social class, should participate in government
Stressed rights and individuals of citizens of a democracy

32. Socrates Questioned his fellow citizens about their beliefs
Used a process we call the “Socratic Method”
Believed the unexamined life was not worth living

33. Plato Student of Socrates Set up his own school in Athens
Described his vision of an ideal state in The Republic
Rejected Athenian democracy
Believed the state should regulate citizens’ lives

34. Aristotle Plato’s most famous student Tutor to Alexander the Great
Preferred government by the many, not by the few
Suspicious of democracy – thought it could lead to mob rule
Favored government ruled by middle class
Believed rulers must be subject to law
Despised tyranny

35. Greek Philosophers
What did Socrates, Plato and Aristotle think about democracy? (p14)
Socrates:
Loved it, even though it caused his death (found guilty of corrupting the minds of the young)
Plato:
Hated it, because it caused the death of his teacher, Socrates.
Believed the government should control the people.
Workers to produce, soldiers to defend, and philosophers to rule.
Aristotle
He liked both the monarchy and democracy
Middle class should be in charge

38. DRAW

39. Roman Republic and Empire

40. Britain Gaul Rome Spain Asia Minor Syria Numidia Arabia Egypt
Macedonia
Spain
Rome
Asia
Minor
Syria
Numidia
Arabia
Egypt
Roman Empire

41. Britain Gaul Rome Spain Asia Minor Syria Numidia Arabia Egypt
Macedonia
Spain
Rome
Asia
Minor
Syria
Numidia
Arabia
Egypt
Roman Empire

42. Ch 1 sec2 The Roman Republic and Empire
Consul
Dictator
Tribune
Veto
Carthage (22)

43. Ch 1 sec 2 The Roman Republic and Empire
What is a Republic?
Government where the people choose their officials.
Describe the Roman Senate.
Held all the power
300 members
Patricians (landholding upper class)
Serve for life
What major job did consuls have?
Supervise the daily business of the government
Checked the power of the senate
What is a Dictator?
Dictator has complete control over the government

44. US adopted from the Romans
Who were the Plebeians?
Common People
Large population with no real power
In 450 BC gained the right to elect officials called tribunes
Tribunes had the power to veto (block) laws
US adopted from the Romans
Senate, the veto, and checks on power

45. How did Rome expand? Defeated the Etruscans and Greeks
Gained all of Italy
Fought in the 3 Punic Wars against Carthage
Gained land in Northern Africa
Defeated and gained Macedonia, Greece, and Asia Minor
Egypt became allies
Gained land in Egypt
In the end the Romans controlled the land around the Mediterranean Sea

46. Britain Gaul Rome Spain Asia Minor Syria Numidia Mediterranean Sea
Macedonia
Spain
Rome
Asia
Minor
Syria
Numidia
Mediterranean Sea
Arabia
Egypt
Roman Empire

47. From Republic to Empire
Describe Julius Caesar’s Rise and Fall.
Military commander with great power.
The Senate feared Julius’s power
They ordered him to disband his army
Instead, Julius marched his army toward Rome.
He forced the senate to make him a dictator
His power caused jealousy in the Senate
He was assassinated by a group of senators in 44 BC.

48. Assassination of Julius Caesar

49. Emperor Augustus Caesar
Augustus followed Julius
He declared himself first citizen and not king or emperor
Why?
The Senate and the people would have removed him from power
Nonetheless, he acted like a dictator (31 BC to 14 AD)
The Empire was born (Pax Romana)
Time of peace, order, and unity.
Who was the major figure born while Augustus was in Power?

50. Roman Law Roman two system law People accused of crimes Civil law
Applied only to Roman citizens
Law of nations
Applied to all people
Mainly for areas conquered by Rome.
People accused of crimes
Presumed innocent until proven guilty
Accused has the right to face the accuser
Guilt had to be expressed through evidence
Judges interpret the law and make decisions

51. Collapse of the Roman Empire
Roman Empire eventually fell. (400s AD)
It had become to large to control
Invasions from Germanic barbarians
The West completely collapse
The East continued to thrive as the Byzantine Empire under Justinian
Justinian’s Code
Massive collection of Laws

52. Ancient Greece Alexander’s Empire 323 BC Roman Empire . 500 BC
Rodriguez’
Empire .
Ancient Greece
500 BC
Roman Empire
265 BC-476 AD

53. God Judaism Abraham Jesus Hagar Sarah Islam Adam Noah Not married
God tells Abraham that his children will get the land of Palestine
Adam
Noah
Not married
Abraham
Hagar
Female Maid Servant
Married
Sarah
Isaac
Jacob
Ishmael
12 Sons
One of them is
Judah
David
Solomon
Joseph
Muhammad
Begins the Muslim Religion
Jesus
Islam

54. Palestine

55. Palestine
Dead
Sea

56. Turkey
Lebanon
Syria
Israel
Iraq
Iran
Jordan
Egypt
Saudi
Arabia

57. Israel Jordan Egypt Syria Mediterranean Sea West Bank Jerusalem Gaza
Lebanon
Syria
Mediterranean
Sea
West
Bank
Jerusalem
Gaza
Strip
Fighting between
Jews and Muslims
Israel
Jordan
Egypt

58. Ch 1 sec3 Principles of Judaism
Vocabulary
Polytheistic
Belief in many Gods (Greeks, and early Romans)
Monotheistic
Belief in one God (Jews, Christians, Muslims)
Judaism
Monotheistic religion based on the teachings of the Torah
Torah
Jewish holy text
Also known as the Five Books of Moses and the Old Testament.

59. Vocabulary cont. Covenant Sabbath Prophet diasphora Famine A promise
A holy day for rest and worship
Saturday
(Sabado)
Prophet
Spiritual leader who God communicates through.
Abraham, Moses, “Jesus,” Muhammad, etc.
diasphora
The scattering of the Jews
Famine
Hunger, starvation

60. Abraham Abraham: 2000 B.C. Father of the people of Israel
Israelites
God told Abraham to move from Mesopotamia to Palestine (Canaan) (Israel)
God’s Covenant
God told Abraham that his descendants will inherit the land of Palestine. (Canaan) (Israel)
Famine forced him and his people leave Palestine and go to Egypt
Eventually became slaves

61. Moses The Exodus Moses (1500 B.C.) Israelite (Hebrew) (Jew)
God told Moses to lead the Israelites out of slavery, (out of Egypt).

63. Pop Quiz
What made Judaism different from other religions of the Roman Empire?
Who first migrated with his family to Palestine and founded the Israelite nation?
What happened to the Israelites after they arrived in Egypt?
What is the name of the Jewish sacred text?
Who led the Israelites (Jews) out of Egypt?

64. Judaism
What was the one major act that King David made for the Israelites? (p 29)
Which city did Solomon make the capital of the Kingdom of Israel? (p 29)
What happened to the Kingdom of Israel after Solomon died in 922 B.C.? (p 29)
What had happened to the Kingdom of Israel by 586 B.C.? (p 29)
Which ruler later freed the Israelites from captivity? (p 29)
How did the Diaspora cause Judaism to spread? (p 32)

65. Ch 1 sec 4 The Rise of Christianity
Define the following words
Messiah
Savior sent by God
Apostle
Jesus’ followers (12 of them)

66. The Rise of Christianity
Who was Jesus a descendant of?
According to the Gospels, how did Mary learn that her son would be the messiah?
What caused large crowds to gather and listen to Jesus’ teachings?
List at least three of Jesus’ teachings.
Why was Jesus executed?
How was Jesus executed, and what was the regular Roman method of executing people?

67. According to the Gospels, what happened to Jesus after his execution?
How did Christianity Spread?
How did Paul play a major role in spreading Christianity?
What happened to the Church in A.D. 1054?

68. Spread of Christianity AD 476-600
Britain
Gaul
Black Sea
Spain
Rome
Palestine
Jerusalem
Mediterranean Sea
Egypt
Spread of
Christianity AD
Red Sea

69. Spread of Christianity AD 476-600
Britain
Gaul
Black Sea
Spain
Rome
Palestine
Jerusalem
Mediterranean Sea
Egypt
Spread of
Christianity AD
Red Sea

70. Britain
Gaul
Black Sea
Spain
Rome
Palestine
Jerusalem
Mediterranean Sea
Egypt
Spread of
Christianity AD
Red Sea

71. Spread of Christianity

73. Dead
Sea
Jerusalem