1. A Guide to Parenting Skills for Life

2. Parenting Questions
What do you think are the most important jobs of a parent?
2. At what point in life do you think it’s a good time to become a parent? What accomplish- ments do you think are needed before becoming a parent?
3. What qualities do you admire about someone you think is a good parent? – share who it is if you like.
4. Do you think it’s important for the parenting role to be shared by two people? Why/Why not?
5. Which of the following stages in a child’s life do you think would be the most difficult to parent? Which would be the easiest? Why?
Infant (birth to 1 year) – Child (6-9)
Toddler (1 – 3) – Adolescent (10-12)
Pre-schooler (4-5) – Teenager (13-19)
Parenting

3. Course Schedule 1 Introduction to Parenting 2
Care and Needs of an Infant – Introducing Baby 3
Safety, Health, and Care – part 1 4
Safety, Health, and Care – part 2 5
Attachment/Autonomy: Trust and Brain Development 6
Nurturing 7
Education and Literacy development 8
Recreation and Play 9
Parenting Styles 10
The Simulation Experience 11
Financial Support 12
Child Care/Day Care Options and Community Resources
Course Summary and Post-test
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4. Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development
Infant
Trust vs Mistrust
Toddler
Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt
Preschooler
Initiative vs Guilt
School-Age Child
Industry vs Inferiority
Adolescent
Identity vs Role Confusion
Young Adult
Intimacy vs Isolation
Middle-Age Adult
Generativity vs Stagnation
Older Adult
Integrity vs Despair
Parenting

5. Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development Characteristics
Infant
Trust vs Mistrust
Needs maximum comfort with minimal uncertainty to trust himself/herself, others, and the environment
Toddler
Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt
Works to master physical environment while maintaining self-esteem
Preschooler
Initiative vs Guilt
Begins to initiate, not imitate, activities; develops conscience and sexual identity
School-Age Child
Industry vs Inferiority
Tries to develop a sense of self-worth by refining skills
Parenting

6. Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development Characteristics
Adolescent
Identity vs Role Confusion
Tries integrating many roles (child, sibling, student, athlete, worker) into a self-image under role model and peer pressure
Young Adult
Intimacy vs Isolation
Learns to make personal commitment to another as spouse, parent or partner
Middle-Age Adult
Generativity vs Stagnation
Seeks satisfaction through productivity in career, family, and civic interests
Older Adult
Integrity vs Despair
Reviews life accomplishments, deals with loss and preparation for death
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7. Nurturing Parent Skills
Model and teach empathy and kindness
Foster your child’s self- respect and respect for others
Express affection and warmth to your child through touch, voice and nonverbal endearments
Acknowledge and attend to the full range of your child’s feelings
Parenting

8. Nurturing Parent Skills - Answers
Model and teach empathy and kindness
Scenario 3
Foster your child’s self- respect and respect for others
Scenario 4
Express affection and warmth to your child through touch, voice and nonverbal endearments
Scenario 1
Acknowledge and attend to the full range of your child’s feelings
Scenario 2
Parenting

9. 5 Things Parents can do to Significantly Improve Language Development
1. ECHOING: When your child says a word, correctly repeat the word back to him or her.
2. RECASTING: Restate what your child says in a different way. For instance, if your child uses the word "cookie" and points to the cookie jar, add the word into a complete sentence like, "You would like to eat a cookie."
3. EXPANDING: Use other descriptive words to add to the words your child uses. If your child says, "My doll," then you should say, "Your doll has pretty brown eyes and long dark hair."
Parenting

10. 5 Things Parents can do to Significantly Improve Language Development
4. LABELING: This technique is used from early on with most children. When your child is exposed to new things, say their names out loud several times.
Spend a lot of time communicating with your child from birth: talk, sing, encourage imitation of sounds and gestures through praise. Don’t wait until your child is able to respond in order to communicate. You’re laying the foundation for verbal skills by talking to them, even though they are yet too young to understand.
Look at your child when speaking so he/she can see how your lips, jaw and tongue move.
Teach correct names, e.g, instead of saying “piggies” say “toes”
Parenting

11. 5 Things Parents can do to Significantly Improve Language Development
5. READING: It has been proven time and again that children who are read to have an easier time speaking, reading and writing when they become school aged. Try letting your child "read" to you. Give them the book, let them turn the pages and tell you what it says. This is a good imagination builder also. Reading improves vocabulary, which will help your child in scoring well on standardizing testing throughout grade school and beyond.
Parenting

12. 5 Things Parents can do to Significantly Improve Language Development
Read to your child every day starting as early as 6 months
You don’t have to read the whole book or even read the words. Point out pictures and talk about what’s happening in the picture. As your child begins to develop language, have them read to you.
Good books for babies have the following qualities:
Rhythmic appeal
Colorful pictures
Repetition
Age-appropriate soft or board books
A good example is Brown Bear Brown Bear – What Do You See?
What other books can you think of that would meet the above criteria?
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13. Child Play
A child should move from parent-guided to child-guided play over time gradually through play opportunities.
Parents should watch for clues from the child about whether they’re becoming bored, over-stimulated, or restless.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends NO television before age 2. This includes programs made for babies.
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14. Child Play Parent Guided Child Guided
Sit on floor and model how to stack blocks
Child takes a broom and pretends it’s a horse
Show child how car goes on wheels
Child picks up a car and pretends it is a fire truck driving to a burning building
Draw a picture of cat
Child asks for crayons to draw a picture
Parenting

15. Parenting Styles Self Quiz – Results Add up you’re A’s, B’s, C’s and D’s
Mostly A’s?
PERMISSIVE parenting style
Parents…
High in responsiveness, low in demandingness
Children…
Treated as adults
Allowed to make own decisions
Have no imposed rules
Have few restrictions in their daily lives
Might have future problems dealing with rules
Often make decisions with consequences they’re not prepared to accept
Parenting

16. Parenting Styles Self Quiz – Results Add up you’re A’s, B’s C’s and D’s
Mostly B’s?
AUTHORITARIAN parenting style
Parents…
Demanding and may not give much in return
Very rigid and controlling
Low in responsiveness, high in demandingness
Children…
Might grow up feeling lost & without guidance
Could lack self-confidence in making decisions
Parenting

17. Parenting Styles Self Quiz – Results Add up you’re A’s, B’s, C’s and D’s
Mostly C’s?
AUTHORITATIVE parenting style
Parents…
Demanding, but give in return
Open to discussion & negotiating
Give children firmness & self-control
Parent-child relationship based on respect & routine
High in both responsiveness & demandingness
Children…
Learn social skills
Have a positive self-image
Parenting

18. Parenting Styles Self Quiz – Results Add up you’re A’s, B’s, C’s and D’s
Mostly D’s?
UNINVOLVED parenting style
Low in both responsiveness & demandingness
May be neglectful or both rejecting & neglectful
Children & adolescents whose parents are uninvolved perform most poorly in all domains (social, instrumental, etc.)
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19. Parenting Styles Axis
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20. Natural vs. Logical Consequences
For each situation think of a
NATURAL and LOGICAL consequence.
1. Jenny leaves her scooter in the driveway.
2. Jake checks out a library book and loses it.
Traci stays out past her agreed upon curfew.
Sean throws his clothes on the floor, not in the hamper.
John forgets to feed his goldfish for 3 weeks.
Joni eats cookies right before lunch without permission.
Denise’s teacher sends home a note because she isn’t turning in schoolwork.
Parenting

21. Childcare Options – Debate Rules
2 minute position presentation – Pro day care
2 minute position presentation – Con day care (parent stay home)
2 minute work period for rebuttals
2 minute rebuttal - Pro
2 minute rebuttal - Con
2 minute work period for responses
2 minute response - Pro
2 minute response - Con
1 minute work period for summaries
2 minute Position Summary - Pro or Con
3 minute tallying of scores/announcement of winner
Parenting