1. 6th Grade Motion, Forces & Energy (Mod I) Unit 1 Lesson 1
Motion and Speed
6th Grade
Motion, Forces & Energy (Mod I)
Unit 1 Lesson 1

2. Describing location Position IS the location of an object
We often describe a position by comparing it to the location of something else
This “something else” is called a reference point
Reference point = location you compare other locations to

3. position and relative motion with toy cars
Do 5, 6 & 7 p. 6 & 7

4. Motion is a change in position over time
An object changes its position relative to a reference point
What if the skater started and stopped in the same place? Did he move?
Yes…So it looks like we need MORE ways to think about motion
A change in position is PROOF that motion has happened!

5. Distance = how far you go
The distance between 2 points is different, depending on how you get there
Scientists use meters (m) and kilometers (km) to measure distance
Do #8 on p. 8
The Difference between Distance and Displacement

6. Speed = how far something moves in a certain amount of time
A.k.a. - How quickly or slowly the object changes position
In the same amount of time, a faster object would move a greater distance than a slower one.
Speed is not always constant
Average speed describes the speed over a stretch of time.

7. How far (distance) did the tortoise go?
130 ft.
How far did the hare go?
200 ft.
How much time did it take the tortoise to go 130 ft?
10 minutes
How much time did it take the hare to go 200 ft?
6 minutes

8. TELLING STORIES WITH GRAPHS
What story does this graph tell?
Steeper lines = faster speed
Horizontal line = object has stopped

9. To calculate average speed
Divide the distance an object travels by the time it takes to cover the distance.
Speed = s
Distance = d
Time = t

10. Fun with formulas!

11. A penguin swimming underwater goes 20 meters in 8 seconds
A penguin swimming underwater goes 20 meters in 8 seconds. What is its average speed? (page 10)
Identify: A What do you know?
B. What do you want to find out?
Plan: C. Draw and label a sketch
D. Write the formula
E Substitute into the formula
Solve: F. Calculate and simplify
G Check that your units agree
Answer:
Now YOU try! Page 11

12. Graphing constant speed
Distance-time graph X-axis = time Y-axis = distance
Graph my road trip!
1cm = 20km

13. Which car is faster?

14. Graphing changing speed
What is the difference between the speed at a particular time and average speed?
Steeper lines = faster speed
Horizontal line = object has stopped

16. Quick quiz! Q: What do we need to describe an object’s location?
A: the object’s position and a reference point.
Q: What do we need to find an object’s speed?
A: The distance it traveled and how much time it took to get there.
Q: If I ran 50 meters in 25 seconds, what is my speed?
A: 2 m/s

17. Velocity Read and do pg. 15 Speed in a specific direction
Speed vs. velocity song
Velocity is an example of a vector quantity – we measure both how BIG it is and the DIRECTION it goes
we studied FORCE this year – it is also a vector quantity, because we talked about how MUCH force and the DIRECTION of force
Scalar quantities only show how MUCH of that thing there is.
Speed, temperature, distance are all scalar – try this quiz! vector vs. scalar quiz
Two things can have the same speed but different velocities (how?)
Average SPEED is calculated by dividing the total distance by the total time.
Average VELOCITY is calculated by dividing the displacement (straight-line distance) by the time.
Read and do pg. 15