1. Green ICT activities of TTC & ITU-T toward low-carbon society
DOCUMENT #:
GSC15-PLEN-78
FOR:
Presentation
SOURCE:
TTC
AGENDA ITEM:
Opening/Plenary 6.8 "ICT & the Environment"
CONTACT(S):
Yoh SOMEMURA
Green ICT activities of TTC & ITU-T toward low-carbon society
Yoh SOMEMURA
The Telecommunication Technology Committee (TTC)
as Prime PSO for ICT & Environment
Global Standards Collaboration (GSC) GSC-15

2. Relationship between ICT & Environment
Maximization
towards
Sustainable Society
Minimization
towards
Sustainable ICT Sector
Environmental Impact
caused by ICT
Environmental Impact
reduction achieved
by using ICT services
Green of ICT
Green by ICT
Negative environmental impacts
Positive environmental impacts
Consumption of energy
Consumption of natural resources
Generation of waste
Dematerialization (digitization of information)
Reduction of movement and transportation
Making industry and lives efficient
Enhancing environmental awareness and environmental education
Environmental sensors and environmental monitoring
Must quantify both environmental impacts.

3. CO2 reduction of all sectors by using ICTs
CO2 emissions (Bt-CO2) 30 20 10
Year
All Other Sectors
ICT Sector
CO2 emissions (Bt-CO2) 30 20 10
Reductions
by ICTs
of ICTs
Year
All Other Sectors
ICT Sector
Energy consumption (CO2 emissions) reduction through the use of ICTs is defined as follows.
Energy consumption
reduction
Reduction effect of energy
consumption by utilizing ICTs
Energy consumption
through the use of ICTs ＝ -

4. Structure of Study Group 5 (SG5) SG5: Environment and Climate Change
(Study Period: May 2009 ~ 2012)
SG5: Environment and Climate Change
WP1: Damage prevention and safety 
WP2: Electromagnetic fields: emission, immunity and human exposure 
WP3: ICT and Climate Change
Chair: Keith Dickerson (UK)
Vice Chair: Eunsook Kim (Korea) and Takeshi Origuchi (Japan)
　Q17: Coordination and Planning of ICT&CC related standardization
　Q18: Methodology of environmental impact assessment of ICT
　Q19: Power feeding systems
　Q20: Data collection for Energy Efficiency for ICTs over the lifecycle
　Q21: Environmental protection and recycling of ICT equipments/facilities 4

5. Question 18/5: Methodology of Environmental Impact Assessment of ICT
The purpose of this Question is to develop Recommendations on methodology for environmental impact assessment of ICT and on collecting and calculating reliable data for the assessment model.
Following work items for series Recommendations are running in SG5 for methodologies:
(1) L.methodology_general umbrella
Overview and general principles of methodologies
(2) L.methodology_ICT goods and services
Methodology for environmental impact assessment of ICT goods and services
(3) L.methodology_ICT projects
Methodology for environmental impact assessment of ICT projects
Methodology for environmental impact assessment of ICT in organizations
(4) L.methodology_ICT in organizations
Methodology for environmental impact assessment of ICT sector in countries
(5) L.methodology_ICT sector in countries 5

6. Strategic Collaborative Direction in GSC (proposed)
Encourage PSOs
to contribute to ITU-T initiatives on ICT and climate change
to standardize energy-saving ICT systems and methodologies for analyzing, evaluating, and quantifying GHG reductions that may be achieved through ICT use
to actively participate in standardization work in WP3/SG5
to produce recommendations on ICTs and climate change

7. Next Steps/Actions of TTC in Support of ITU-T Initiatives
At a WP3/SG5 meeting of ITU-T, TTC members will actively contribute to discussions on standardizing a methodology for evaluating the energy-saving impact of ICT services in collaboration with other PSOs.
Future TTC Contribution
Propose a methodology and power feeding, etc.
Support management and operation of WP3/SG5.
Liaise with other related organizations.

8. Summary
International standardization on Environmental technologies for telecommunication, in particular to ICT and climate change is now underway in ITU-T.
We need to reduce environmental loads of ICT equipment and ICT sector, and we also expect that ICT can reduce environmental loads, particularly GHG emissions, in other relevant sectors.
For this purpose, prompt standardizations on objective and transparent methodology of ICT environmental impact assessment are required. 8

9. Proposed Resolution Proposed modifications to an existing Resolution *
* (GSC14) “RESOLUTION GSC-14/08: (Plenary) ICT and the Environment (Revised),” GSC14-CL-015R2 (16 July 2009)
Current Activities
Universal power adapter (ITU-T, IEC, IEEE)
Power feeding system using HVDC
Smart Grid & Cloud Computing (SDOs/Fora including ITU-T)
Intelligent Transport System (ITU-T)
Encourage PSOs
to collaborate with “Smart grids” and “Cloud Computing”as HISs of GSC

10. Supplementary Slides 10

11. Effect of reducing energy consumption based on using ICT
Green by ICT
Item
Content
Consumption of goods
By reducing the consumption of goods (e.g. paper), it is possible to reduce the energy consumption involved with production and disposal and to reduce waste emissions.
Electric power/energy consumption
By improving the efficiency of electric power and energy use and reducing consumption, it is possible to reduce the energy consumption involved with electricity generation and supply.
Movement of people
By reducing the movement of people, it is possible to reduce the energy consumption needed for methods of transportation.
Movement of goods
By reducing the movement of goods, it is possible to reduce the energy consumption needed for transportation methods.
Office space efficiency
By using office space more efficiently, it is possible to reduce the electricity consumption of lighting and air-conditioning and to reduce energy consumption.
Storage of goods
By reducing the storage space of goods, it is possible to reduce the electricity consumption involved with lighting and air-conditioning and to reduce energy consumption.
Business efficiency
By improving business efficiency, it is possible to reduce resource and energy consumption.
Waste material
By reducing waste emissions, it is possible to conserve the environment and reduce the energy consumption needed to dispose of waste.
Maker
Wholesale
Retail
Consumer
Decrease unnecessary production
Reduce intermediate distribution
Reduce retail sales
No movement of people through product return/negotiation
No movement of people through comparing/purchasing products
No product distribution
Reduce movement of consumers
Direct from manufacturer (.e.g., computer)
Example of effective online shopping

12. Methodology
“The energy consumption reduction effect by utilizing ICTs” and “the energy consumption through the use of ICTs.”
■ The energy consumption (CO2 emissions) reduction effect by utilizing ICTs can be generally calculated as follows if the consumption of goods/services by utilizing ICTs can be identified.
Impact of consumption of
goods/services on the environment
Unit energy consumption
when one unit of goods/
services is consumed
Energy consumption
reduction effect ＝ ×
■ The energy consumption (CO2 emissions) through the use of ICTs can be generally calculated as follows if the amount used by the device/network (NW) can be identified.
Energy
consumption
Amount used by
device/NW used
Unit energy consumption when one
unit of device/NW is used ＝ ×

13. Examples of Calculation Formula for Energy Consumption Reduction Effect by Utilizing ICT
(1) Consumption of goods (Paper, CDs, DVDs, etc.)
Energy reduction = (Energy consumption to produce one unit of the product)
× (Amount reduced)
E.g., Reduction of paper:
(Energy to produce paper (A4 size, 1 sheet) (J)) × (Quantity reduced (Sheets)) 
(2) Movement of goods (mail, trucks, rail cargo, cargo ships, etc.)
Energy reduction = (Unit energy consumption for each transportation means (J))
 (Transportation distance reduced (km))
E.g., Reduction of the number of mails:
(Energy consumption per mail (J))  (Number of mails reduced (mail))
E.g., Reduction of truck transportation:
(Energy consumption per ton-km (J))  (Transportation distance reduced (km))
 (Cargo weight reduced (t))

14. Examples of Calculation Formula for Energy Consumption through the Use of ICTs
(1) ICT device
Energy consumption = (Unit energy consumption for each type of device) × (Amount used)
E.g.,
Production of devices for Video conferences:
(Energy consumption to produce one device (J)) × (Number of units used)
Use of devices for Video conferences:
(Electric power to use one device (kW)) × (Time of use (h)) × (Number of units used)]
(2) Network use
Energy consumption = (Energy consumption per amount of use) × (Amount used)
E.g.,
Use of networks:
(Apportioned [allocated] energy consumption per line (J)) × (Number of lines used)]

15. Example of Trial Calculation (Video Conference)
Case 1
Case 2
Video conference held between Tokyo and Yokohama, once a week (48 times / year), one hour each time, participated in by two people from each office
Video conference held between Tokyo and Yokohama, every working day (240 times / year), eight hours each time, participated in by two people from each office
The figure in ( ) is based on only
the “use” stage.
The figure in ( ) is based on only
the “use” stage.
Reduction of 53% (91%)
Reduction of 52% (59%)
Conference with travel
Conference with travel

16. Universal power adapter and charger solution for mobile terminals and other ICT devices (Question 21/5) [on WP3/5 in ITU-T SG5]
1 January, 2019
First Recommendation in WP3/5 (L.1000)
Statement: Planning to extend to apply not only mobile phone but also ICT devices 16 16

17. Approach for reducing power consumption based on DC power supply
- HVDC does not require as many power conversion steps with high system effectiveness.
- HVDC lowers drain and reduces facility cost.
Alternating current (AC)
Direct current (48-V type)
4 power conversion steps
2 power conversion steps 1 2 3 4 1 2
CPU
CPU
AC/ DC
DC/ AC
AC/ DC
DC/ DC
AC/ DC
DC/ DC
100 V AC
to 200 V AC
48 V DC
Battery
ICT equipment
Battery
ICT equipment
-Higher efficiency
　 (fewer conversion stage)
-Higher reliability
　(battery direct connecting)
Thinner cables
Improved installation flexibility
Higher-voltage direct current (HVDC)
ICT equipment
Rectifier 1 2
CPU
AC/ DC
DC/ DC
15%　　
reduction
Approx.
400 V DC
Battery
2 power conversion steps

18. Thank you for your Attention