1. Heat and temperature

2. Learning Objectives:
To know the difference between temperature and heat
Be able to use a thermometer to measure temperature

3. What is the difference between heat and temperature?
Temperature describes how hot or how cold an object is and is measured using a thermometer in °C
Heat is a form of energy and measured in Joules (J)

4. Is our skin a reliable way to find out how hot something is?

5. Investigation
There are 8 beakers containing different temperatures of water around the lab
In pairs measure the temperature of each beaker
Record your results in a table.
Safety
- Do not run in the lab
- Wear goggles

6. Prep
Find out :
Where is the hottest inhabited place on earth? What is the highest recorded temperature there?
Where is the coldest inhabited place on earth? What is the lowest recorded temperature there?

7. Conducting heat
Lesson objectives: Understand the words conductor and insulator Be able to plan an investigation and make scientific predictions

8. Key words Conductor – something that lets energy travel through it
Conduction – when heat travels through solids
Insulator – A poor conductor of heat

9. Planning an investigation
An investigation to find out which materials are good conductors and which are good insulators.

10. Which materials will you choose to test
Which materials will you choose to test? How will you make your investigation accurate? How will you make your investigation safe?

11. Evaluating the investigation
Which materials were the best conductor of heat?
Which materials were insulators?

12. Prep
Complete worksheet

13. How does conduction work?
When heat travels by Conduction, the particles
near the heat source start to vibrate.
These vibrations are then passed to the
atom next to them, which in turn pass the
vibration through the material.

14. Quick Quiz What is temperature a measure of?
How can you make the temperature rise?
What is the difference between “heat” and “temperature”?
How hot or cold something is.
Add heat energy
Heat is the energy, temperature is how hot or cold something is.

15. Put these statements in order3
The neighbouring particles also move.
Heat makes the particles vibrate.
Particles in a solid are tightly packed together, so
The heat can therefore travel along the solid.
This movement means they have a higher temperature. 1 2 5 4
Rearrange

16. Put these statements in order1
Heat makes the particles vibrate.
Particles in a solid are tightly packed together, so
The neighbouring particles also move.
This movement means they have a higher temperature.
The heat can therefore travel along the solid. 2 3 4 5

17. Fill in with “well” or “badly”
A conductor lets heat travel _______.
An insulator lets heat travel _______.
Air lets heat travel _______ by conduction.
badly
badly

18. Answer the questions Examples of conductors in the home are:
Examples of insulators in the home are:
Electric Iron, saucepan
Pot handles, clothes

19. Expansion and contraction of liquids and gases

20. Learning Objectives
State that matter expands when it is heated and contracts when cooled.
Explain the expansion and contraction of solids, liquids and gases in terms of particle theory.
Describe applications of expansion of solids, liquids and gases.

21. Expansion Many substances expand when heated
When heated, the particles (atoms or molecules) in a substance vibrate more
This means they need more space
So the substance expands
Heat

22. Contraction The opposite happens when most substances are cooled
The particles vibrate less
They need less room
The substance contracts
Cools

23. EXPERIMENT AIM: To find out what happens to liquids
when they are heated and cooled.

24. Watch what happens to the level of the red water in each test-tube over the next 5 minutes.

25. SOME QUESTIONS? Q. Can you explain why liquids expand when they
are heated and contract when they are cooled?
Q. What happens to how the particles in the
red liquid are arranged when they are heated
and then cooled?

26. EXPLANATION
The particles in liquids are a little further apart to each other than is the case in a solid.
When a liquid is heated the distance between its particles become larger and it expands.
When the liquid is cooled it contracts and its the particles move back close to each other.

27. Prep
Explain how a thermometer works

28. Prep
Explain how a thermometer works