1. Intro to Chemistry & the Scientific
Method

2. Chemistry-
study of the composition of matter and the changes that matter undergoes

3. Organic
Physical
Inorganic
Analytical
Biochemistry

4. Scientific Method 5 Steps: 1. Problem 2. Hypothesis 3. Experiment
4. Observations & Data
5. Conclusion

5. 1) Problem -
“What’s wrong?”

6. 2) Hypothesis - “Educated Guess”
predict what will happen based on prior knowledge

7. 3) Experiment - Test your hypothesis
a) Control Group – stays the same, used for comparison
b) Variable Group – what you
manipulate that changes

8. 1. Independent Variable – what the experimenter changes (what I change
2. Dependent Variable – what is observed/measured (dependent variable depends on the independent variable).

9. 3. Control Variables – Things that are kept the same during each experiment.
Remember, a good experiment only has two variables that change (independent and dependent). All the rest of the variables must be the same.

10. when graphing…
Keep in mind: D R Y M I X
dependent
independent

11. 4) Observations
&
Data collection

13. 5) Conclusion -
- Based on observations
Might support hypothesis!

14. Observation vs. Inference
Observation – the act of gathering information.
You actually see it!
Inference – an opinion based on the observations.

15. observation
inference
observation
inference
inference
inference
observation
inference

16. Quantitative vs. Qualitative
- Qualitative – describes physical characteristics
Color, Odor, Shape, Sound, Taste, Texture, Etc…
Quantitative – numerical information
How Much? How Tall? How Fast? How Many? Etc…

19. Scientific Law vs. Theory
Scientific Law – summarizing
statement of many experiments
Has been proven, usually stated in a mathematical formula
- Scientific Theory – thoroughly tested explanation of why experiments give certain results
Can NOT be proven, helps predict natural systems

20. EX:
Atomic Theory
Charles Law