1. Water Supply - Sector Overview
Drinking Water Security in Rural India
Water Supply - Sector Overview
Department of Drinking Water & Sanitation
Ministry of Rural Development
Government of India

2. National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP)
National Goal
To provide every rural person with safe water for drinking, cooking and other domestic basic needs on a sustainable basis. This basic requirement should meet certain minimum water quality standards and be readily and conveniently accessible at all times and in all situations
Outlay – Rs crore in
Target to cover all uncovered, quality affected and other habitations and households, schools with safe and adequate drinking water supply

3. NATIONAL RURAL DRINKING WATER PROGRAMME (NRDWP)
COMPONENTS OF
NATIONAL RURAL DRINKING WATER PROGRAMME (NRDWP)
COVERAGE for providing safe and adequate drinking water supply to unserved, partially served and slipped back habitations. – 45%
Provide potable drinking water to water QUALITY affected habitations. – 20%
SUSTAINABILITY to encourage States to achieve drinking water security at the local level – 20%
OPERATION & MAINTENANCE (O&M) for expenditure on running, repair and replacement costs of drinking water supply projects – 10% and
SUPPORT activities – 5%.
Allocation for DESERT DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME (DDP) areas to tackle the extreme conditions of low rainfall and poor water availability
Earmarked funds to Mitigate drinking water problems in rural areas in the wake of NATURAL CALAMITIES,

4. NRDWP
Funds released to States as per allocation criteria of rural population, rural SC&ST population, areas under DDP, DPAP, HADP and special category Hill States, population managing their own drinking water projects
State level Scheme Sanctioning Committee has powers to plan, approve and take up drinking water projects
Piped water supply schemes increasingly being taken up by States

5. NRDWP-COVERAGE
Habitations are classified under the following categories (with and without quality problems)
0% population coverage
0-25%
25-50%
50-75% %
100% population coverage
Priority in taking up schemes in habitations.
Priority for coverage of Minority dominated habitations and LWE affected districts.
At least 35% of COVERAGE & QUALITY FUNDS shall be earmarked for providing safe drinking water in adequate quantity to SC/ST population.
65% of funds provided under NRDWP provided to States can be utilized for COVERAGE on 50:50 Centre to State funding pattern.

6. NRDWP-QUALITY
Habitations are classified under the following water quality problems
Arsenic
Fluoride
Salinity
Iron
Nitrate
Tackling bacteriological contamination is
mandatorily included into all water supply projects
Dual water supply can be prioritized for supply of 10 lpcd of safe drinking water for cooking and drinking purposes and quality-affected water purposes can be used for washing (iron free water), bathing, ablution, etc.

7. NRDWP- SUSTAINABILITY
SUSTAINABILITY funds shall be utilized for improving the source and system sustainability by augmenting drinking water resources.
Ground water recharge through check dams, percolation tanks, etc., surface water impounding like ponds, Ooranies, etc., improvement of traditional water bodies, conversion of defunct bore wells into point source recharging systems can be taken up under this component.
Convergence with MNREGS can be achieved by planning funds required for excavation from MNREGS with material component from NRDWP-Sustainability funds.
Use of new and renewable energy sources can be promoted, wherever necessary
Conjunctive use of ground-water, surface water and rainwater harvesting could bring in drinking water security
Over-exploited, critical and semi-critical blocks identified by CGWB can be prioritized.
20% of funds provided under NRDWP provided to States for sustainability as 100% Central assistance.

8. Strengths and Weaknesses
86% of rural population have access to safe drinking water
About lakh rural habitations are fully covered with safe and adequate drinking water
Satisfactory funding
Incentive for Sustainability,
Decentralisation, Support
Involvement of Panchayats, ownership of communities
Good institutional structure of SWSM, RWS Dept., DWSM, GP, VWSC
Involvement of scientific inst. And civil society
Weaknesses
Nearly 5.70 lakh habitations slipped back to partial coverage
1.44 lakh habitations having contaminated drinking water
85% dependence on Groundwater - Severe depletion
Only about 35% habitations with piped water supply
Only 12% (2005) households with tap connections
Problem of weak O&M
Inadequate attention to software activities, sustainability
Neglect of traditional sources

9. Understanding Best Practices
Long term sustainability - Gujarat
Roofwater harvesting – Mizoram
Tackling water quality – West Bengal - Arsenic
Revival of Traditional water bodies – Tamilnadu
Community managed groundwater systems- Andhra Pradesh
Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance – Madhya Pradesh
Service delivery to STs – Orissa – Gram Vikas
Capacity building – Change Management - Tamilnadu
Sector wide reforms – Uttarakhand
Public-private partnership – Punjab,
Decentralisation – Kerala
Regulation – Maharashtra
Institutional Structures- Gujarat, Tamilnadu, Maharashtra
Metering and 24X7 water supply – Dakshina Kannada dt.,Karnataka

10. Fostering Innovations
20% of NRDWP funds for Sustainability on 100% grant basis
5% for Support activities
10% for innovative projects for States devolving management to PRIs
Key Resource Centres for capacity building, documentation
Block Resource Centre for awareness generation and capacity building
National Drinking Water and Sanitation Council

11. Online IMIS Using Web for on-line monitoring
GP level data on targets and achievements
Feedback and Queries invited from all Stakeholders
Only database with habitation level data

12. NRDWP- SUPPORT
NRDWP – SUPPORT funds (5% of NRDWP funds) shall be utilized for the following purposes :
Water Quality Monitoring & Surveillance which inter alia include
Establishment of new district and sub-divisional laboratories
Upgradation of existing laboratories
Procurement of field test kits / refills
Communication and Capacity Development ( shall cater for both NRDWP and TSC programmes)
IEC (Awareness generation)
HRD (training and capacity building) – TNA Workshops, Training Calendars
Community involvement & mobilization (formation of VWSCs, etc.)
Research & Development
State Technical Agency (STA) – required for ensuring sustainability component in every water supply project which is put up for approval of SLSSC
Monitoring & Evaluation
Administrative expenses

13. ICT Solutions
Grievance Redressal – Punjab, Orissa, Jharkhand, Chattisgarh – toll free number
HGM Maps with National Remote Sensing Centre
E-procurement,
GPS

14. Training and Communication Action Plans
Training through 19 KRCs – Annual Action Plans
Communication and Capacity Development Units set up in all States
Training Needs Assessment Workshops held in States
States have prepared Training Calendars
Community involvement activities plan
IEC Plans – IEC Guidelines issued
State Workshops being held by GoI officers for sensitizing and motivating district level officials
Staffing pattern for DWSM includes IEC and HRD consultants
Block Resource Centres with 2-4 Social mobilisers/motivators to be set up in all blocks

15. We believe users of water are the best managers of water…