1. The role of standards in enabling future cities.
Saviour Alfino, Smart Cities Standards Strategy, BSI
23rd November 2016
Copyright © 2015 BSI. All rights reserved.

2. Presentation Roadmap Big Picture why all this matters?
Smart City Concept what does it mean?
Role of City Standards and Best Practice
City Case Studies from the UK

3. THE “BIG PICTURE”
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4. More than 2.5 billion people in China, India and other emerging economies are moving out of poverty into the middle class – 3.5 times population of Europe
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Developing Economies
Country
1950
1990
2020
2030
India 17
25.5
34.4
40.7
China 13
27.4
53.2
60.3
Developed Economies
Country
1950
1990
2020
2030 UK 79 82
92.2
Cyprus 36
66.8
66.9 69
Urban population as % of total Source World Bank

5. Specific city challenges in the western world
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Specific city challenges in the western world
City inward migration
Poverty and Life expectancy inequality
Global competition for talent and capital
Ageing population
Ageing infrastructure
Sustainable use of natural resources

6. Cyprus specific challenges
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Cyprus specific challenges
69% live in urbanized areas of
Nicosia, Limassol, Larnaca and Pafos
Road safety
Public transport utilization
Poverty, deprivation and social exclusion
Ageing population and income support
for pensioners
Youth unemployment
Quality of life of the rural population
Diversification of rural economy

7. Cost of urbanization in developing countries
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Cost of urbanization in developing countries
Cities can be extremely efficient in
meeting needs of new members of the
middle class:
easier to provide water and sanitation
to people living closer together
access to health, education, social,
cultural services is much more
readily available
However, as new cities are built and demand for energy and raw material grow, so does the strain on the environment, natural and economic resources.
Rise of the urban middle class!

8. How can we address these challenges?
Political and City leaders and local authorities need implement policies and steer investment on most powerful resource at our disposal
Can investments in digital technology, help address some of these challenges and threats?
Can the concept of a “Smart City” and associated applications help address some of these challenges?

9. Cities and national governments around the world are investing in “Smart Cities”
In China and India alone, almost 300 smart city pilots are currently in place or planned1
Global market projection2 for smart city technologies and services will be worth $408 billion by 2020
1. Nesta (2015) “Rethinking smart cities from the ground up”
2. BIS (2013) “The smart city market: opportunities for the UK”. London, BIS.

10. THE “SMART CITY” CONCEPT
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11. Some definitions….what is a Smart City?
BSI PAS 180: “A Smart City is the effective integration of physical, digital and human systems in the built environment to deliver a sustainable, prosperous and inclusive future for it’s citizens.”
ISO working definition: “A Smart City dramatically increases the pace at which it improves it’s sustainability and resilience…by fundamentally improving how it engages society, how it applies collaborative leadership methods, how it works across disciplines and city systems and how it uses data and integrated technologies…. in order to provide better services and quality of life to those in and involved with the city.”

12. Concept of a “Smart City” – Not a Technology trend
Goal is to invest in technology to create economic, social or environmental impact:
Emerging technology trend or a political and economic challenge?
Technology as the driver or as an enabler?
Smart city concept associated with innovation and latest technology rather than with addressing economic, social and environmental issues
As a result:
Political leadership not engaged
Broader community and citizens alienated
BSI best practice aim to address this issue

13. Concept of a “Smart City” – City Scale Deployment
Most smart city programmes are proof-of-concept projects funded by government, research or innovation funds:
Will this business model ensure sustainable and repeatable solutions?
Not enough funding for city-scale deployment
There is a need of joint public-private sector investment to ensure sustainable economic, social and environmental outcomes – not primarily driven by commercial interest
Combination of “top-down” and “bottom-up” approaches:
“bottom-up” innovations by citizens and businesses can address issues – but is it enough?
Transformational change at city-scale requires political leadership
This is where BSI “standards” focus is directed

14. THE ROLE OF CITY STANDARDS & BSI APPROACH
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15. Role of standards and best practice in smart cities
Provide the right conditions for open innovation and reduces barriers to integration (includes APIs)
Enables collaboration and an open ecosystem
Open innovation spawns new products, services and new business models
Resulting in productivity increase and service transformation in our future cities

16. Need of interoperability and an open ecosystem
“Siloed” platforms and Pilots initiatives
COLLABORATION
Collaboration, open ecosystem,
City-wide deployment

17. Some of the Standards bodies to guide you in your Smart Cities journey…
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18. Source: Ordnance Survey
UK Level
Source: Ordnance Survey
Copyright © 2016 BSI. All rights reserved.

19. A complex IoT standards landscape…
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20. The principles that underpin our approach
City- needs led portfolio approach
A portfolio of materials addressing barriers to implementing smart city solutions  promoting uptake at scale
Tiers of best practice & standards
Leadership Guides
Management Frameworks
Technical Interoperability Standards & APIs
Relevance at all levels
Leadership, to set direction and steer smart integrated improvements
Mid & Small sized cities, that are often under-capacity and lack capabilities
BSI Focus
Focus not just on Production - Dissemination & Benchmarking

21. Cities Standards Institute
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Cities Standards Institute
Consortium of Partners
Cities, businesses, government and other organisations
Decide how new and existing standards & best practice should be developed and implemented
Objectives
Create right conditions for future UK cities market growth
Addressing key market barriers
Standards uptake through urban innovation projects

22. CITIES STANDARDS INSTITUTE – CURRENT MEMBERS

23. BSI Smart City Portfolio of Standards
PD 8100 Smart city Overview
PAS 182 Smart city Data
Concept Model
Leadership engagement guide, providing useful assessment, and navigation to key BSI guidance
Ontology that sits above data sets to make city data more discoverable
PD 8101 Smart city Planning
PAS 212 Automatic resource
Discovery for IoT
Best practise for delivering smart development and infrastructure programmes
Specification that works with linked-data for exposing information about IoT over the web
PAS 181 Smart city Framework
PAS 183 Decision Framework
for Data Sharing & info. services
Overarching smart city framework addressing key issues in delivering smart prgrammes
Decision making framework addressing wider data-sharing issues
PAS 184 Good Practices
for delivering SC solutions
PAS 180 Terminology
Leadership guide providing insight on alternative business models and use-cases to support these
Basic lexicon of terms
Published
Planned/Under development

24. PD8100 - Smart City Overview
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A routemap to guide city leaders on making their city smarter
Provides a maturity framework for assessing “smartness”

25. 25/12/2018

26. PAS 181 – Smart City Framework
Transforming the city’s operating model
Current Model
Future Integrated Model

28. PAS 182 Model for data interoperability
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An ontology to help make city data discoverable
Sectors have own models and terminologies
Data difficult be discovered by other sectors
Overarching framework of concepts and relationships
Describes data from any sector
Reduces barrier to sector interoperability
Focuses on semantics of data from many sectors
Entity-relationships
(Subject, Relation, Object)
22 Prime concepts
5 Group concepts
Model represented in
RDF/XML format

29. Example: Mapping a dataset to the SCCM
PAS 182 Model for data interoperability
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Example: Mapping a dataset to the SCCM
Data can be split into entities and published linked to model concepts
Can be combined and queried with data about other topics

30. ISO – International Standards Organisation – Sustainable cities and communities standards activity
Guidance for community sustainable development (BS 8904)
Management system for community [city] sustainable development (ISO 37101)
Strategic/
leadership
Smart city framework (ISO 3710x) based on PAS 181
Indicators for city services and quality of life (ISO 37120)
Indicators for city smartness (ISO 3712x)
Vocabulary for smart sustainable cities (ISO 3710x) input from PAS 180
Process/
management
KPIs for smart infrastructure projects
(ISO/TS 37151)
Smart city data concept model (ISO/IEC 30182) based on PAS 182
Data exchange for
smart infrastructure
(ISO 3715x)
Automatic resource discovery for IoT (PAS 212)
Technical
And I should mention the international work being carried out by ISO. CSI has developed the PAS standards for use internationally, but they are not international standards. In fact BSI have been progressing the PAS work into ISO to have them formally recognised as international standards.
With that, I’d like to draw this presentation to a close. Hopefully I have been able to express the challenges, the response, and the published result as well as an example of implementation via Peterborough. Work is very much on-going and will always be updated to reflect what good practice looks like.
Any questions?
time
Copyright © 2016 BSI. All rights reserved.

31. Smart city development
KEY:
Level 1: Leadership Guide
Level 2: Mgmt Framework
Level 3: Technical Std
DELIVERED
PD8100 – Smart City Overview
Smart City Leadership Programme
FUTURE
PAS181- Decision-making framework
Resilience
PAS 182 – Smart city concept model
City performance assessment method
Business Case, Models & Funding
PD 8101 – smart city planning guidelines
Citizen Engagement
PAS Hypercat
City Services Framework
Use Cases (Street Lighting, Parking…)
Smart Cities Standards Mapping
IoT Alignment
PAS 180 – Vocabulary
BIM Alignment
Collaborative Procurement
Data-sharing framework
Data Privacy & Security
Open Data CoP

32. SCLP (Smart City Leadership Programme)
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Assessment - Vision - Roadmap - Opportunity Portfolio - Leadership Model
For pan-city leadership – those that can ‘deliver the city’
A cohort of ~20-30 people
Involving an individual city, or group of cites together
A 2-3 day leadership programme
With preparation and tailoring to city context
And appropriate follow-up to sustain and leave a legacy

33. CASE STUDIES FROM THE UK
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34. Peterborough Programme - Background
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Peterborough Programme - Background
Background
Population 190,000 – one of the fastest growing cities in the UK
Aim to establish itself as the UK’s Environmental Capital
Focus of programme
Produce benefits for the community and small businesses
Not just trialling latest technology
Encourage local involvement and collaboration

35. Peterborough Key Initiatives & Projects
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Peterborough Key Initiatives & Projects
Smart City Leadership Programme:
Programme underpinned by standards to drive and monitor progress towards smart city goals – uses PAS 181 and PD 8100
Smart Fengate district – Circular Economy Pilot:
Collaboration and sustainability through maximising resources
Share Peterborough – online platform enables businesses to exchange goods, services, property and skills

36. Peterborough Key Initiatives & Projects
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Peterborough Key Initiatives & Projects
Investment in fibre optic network:
to provide businesses and schools with high-speed internet
Upgrading lampposts:
Reduce energy consumption and Enable free WIFI in city centre
Collaboration:
Lacks own university – collaborates with research institutes outside the city
Develops connections with public and private bodies
Graduate scheme – local businesses employ graduates for 6 months to tackle environmental sustainability challenges

37. Peterborough Key Initiatives & Projects
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Peterborough Key Initiatives & Projects
Brainwave Innovation Portal:
Help companies and resident work together on solutions to city challenges -
Local young people (age 12 to 18) also involved in city challenges to help them develop their business skills
Winning ideas developed and implemented city wide such as smartphone apps to green space development with recycled materials

38. Bristol Strategy - Background
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Bristol Strategy - Background
Background
Population 442,000 – largest urban area in South West England
Number of challenges: social inequality, congestion problems, housing issues and need to improve employability and skills among young people
Focus of strategy
Bristol is open project – open data access
Joint venture between the city and University of Bristol
Promote wider use of city data through hackathons
Source: Huawei Smart Cities Report

39. Bristol Key Initiatives & Projects
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Bristol Key Initiatives & Projects
Bristol is Open:
City-scale communications and data sharing platform
Integrates 3 types of networks: fibre in the ground; Wi-Fi and Radio frequency mesh network installed on lampposts
CityOS enables experimenters to get required connectivity through integration of networking technologies on a single platform
Opened up its own data with focus on mobility, energy, security, environment and public safety
Allows development of smart city product and services, hence fostering innovation

40. Bristol Key Initiatives & Projects
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Bristol Key Initiatives & Projects
Bristol is Open: City Region Plan

41. Bristol Key Initiatives & Projects
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Bristol Key Initiatives & Projects
Playable city events:
Artists and designers come together to create prototypes that rethink public space
Number of projects implemented in the streets of Bristol
Citizen sensor project:
Citizens design and use monitoring devices in their communities
Awareness around data issues

42. Bristol Key Initiatives & Projects
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Bristol Key Initiatives & Projects
Transport strategy:
Use of real-time data access on traffic conditions and transport services to help people make smarter travel decisions
Deployment of electric vehicles (EV) charging stations
Trial of autonomous vehicles

43. Summary and Conclusion
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Summary and Conclusion
Goal of “Smart Cities” is to invest in technology to create economic, social or environmental outcomes
There cannot be “Smart Cities” without “Smart Leadership”
“Bottom-up” innovations by citizens and businesses are need but not enough
Transformational change at city-scale requires political and city leadership
Best practice, guidance and standards can help:
address some of these issues through how a smart-city should operate
address issue of interoperability at various levels: political, legal, organizational, semantic and technical
Need to focus on collaboration, dissemination of best-practice and measurement of real impact - initiatives such as the CSI and “Smart City Leadership Programme” are key

44. Source: Lucie Simon, Silent World
25/12/2018
Source: Lucie Simon, Silent World

45. Source: Lucie Simon, Silent World
25/12/2018
Source: Lucie Simon, Silent World

46. Source: Lucie Simon, Silent World
25/12/2018
Source: Lucie Simon, Silent World

47. Saviour Alfino
Project Manager – Smart Cities Standards Strategy