1. Digital techniques of Photomontages By: Nicolás Berlingieri (or The Dalinian Inspiration)

2. Introduction Nicolás Berlingieri INTRODUCTION The limit between the several arts is every day less and less defined. There are Mixed Techniques, Facilities, Digital Art, etc., where several techniques are mixed to make a certain work.

3. Introduction Nicolás Berlingieri INTRODUCTION The Dark Camera was used by the painters before the photography existed.

4. Introduction Nicolás Berlingieri INTRODUCTION When photography was only black and white, the copies were painted to do them in color.

5. Introduction Nicolás Berlingieri INTRODUCTION With programs of image manipulation (Photoshop, Corel PhotoPaint, Photostyler, etc.) techniques of drawing and painting are mixed to modify the photographic images. But the Altered photos and the techniques of Photomontage exist from the beginnings of photography.

6. Introduction Nicolás Berlingieri INTRODUCTION William Henry Fox Talbot (1800 - 1877) already made assemblies of Calotyps to form a single image.

7. Introduction Nicolás Berlingieri INTRODUCTION And Oscar G. Rejlander (1813 - 1875) in 1856 made the work Both ways of life (40 x 79 cm) stitching the images of 30 negatives.

8. Introduction Nicolás Berlingieri INTRODUCTION It is very common that an author is inspired by another one, or that it tends to copy itself to itself, generating therefore a style form. The examples are innumerable is this sense, and, in Salvador Dalí, they become very evident.

9. Introduction Nicolás Berlingieri INTRODUCTION Smart influence of La Maja desnuda by Goya and repetition of objects and patterns (the sailboats) between its two works. Dalí (1923) El niño enfermoDalí (1922) Desnudo en un paisaje Goya (1800 h.) La Maja Desnuda

10. Introduction Nicolás Berlingieri INTRODUCTION Many pictures of Dalí have inspiration in the Angelus of Millet. Sometimes he has even reproduced it like a picture hung in the wall. Millet (1933) Angelus Pray Dalí (1922) Gala and the Angelus of Millet….

11. Introduction Nicolás Berlingieri INTRODUCTION Several authors inspired to Salvador Dalí, as well as he inspired whom they followed him… Dalí (1933) Atavismo del crepúsculo Dalí (1935) Reminiscencias arqueológicas del Angelus de Millet

12. Introduction Nicolás Berlingieri INTRODUCTION We will see next some Tricks to make photomontages with the Photoshop program (sometimes inspired by Dalí….) Dalí (1934 y 1946) Destete del mueble alimento y La tentación de San Andrés Títle: Camellos de Dalí (Dalís camels)

13. Images organization Nicolás Berlingieri IMAGES ORGANIZATION It is advisable to have a good organization of the folders, grouping the photographies like in an Image Bank

14. Images organization Nicolás Berlingieri IMAGES ORGANIZATION In the folders we will keep the images in hi-res and, as far as possible, with the elements already trimmed for its use.

15. Images organization Nicolás Berlingieri IMAGES ORGANIZATION The images should be saved as TIF or PSD, in order to be able to maintain the transparency of the trimming. Windows Explorer allows to visualize TIF files, but not the PSD ones. But PSD files allow to save the layers options (Properties and Styles) and the Layouts.

16. Images organization Nicolás Berlingieri IMAGES ORGANIZATION Points should not be used in the file-names, because these are those which separate the Suffix from the name, so the Operating System can recognize the file type. Photomontage.PSD Photo.TIF Image.JPG Sound.MP3 Document.DOC Spreadsheet.XLS Portrait of Mr. Pérez.JPG

17. Images organization Nicolás Berlingieri IMAGES ORGANIZATION A must folder in your PC, its the corresponding one to CLOUD images….

18. Images organization Nicolás Berlingieri IMAGES ORGANIZATION You should have a wide assortment, with different light conditions and in different schedules of the day, in order to be able to cover all the possible future necessities.

19. Images organization Nicolás Berlingieri IMAGES ORGANIZATION Clouds can easily be distorted, stretched or compressed, in order to obtain more dramatic effects.

20. Templates Nicolás Berlingieri TEMPLATES It is advisable to have a folder with different types of Templates, which are empty Images you can use it as a base for future photomontages.

21. Templates Nicolás Berlingieri TEMPLATES These templates can already have Guides saved, to mark the Thirds for the composition of the photomontages 30 x 40 cm 35 mm (2,4 x 3,6) 6 x 6 cm

22. Templates Nicolás Berlingieri TEMPLATES A template for one photo of 30 x 40 cm must have vertical guides at 13.33 and 26.66 cm, and an horizonta one, at 10 and 20 cm. The intersections will mark to the Golden Points. 30 x 40 cm

23. Templates Nicolás Berlingieri TEMPLATES You can also add Perspective lines or Escape Lines in a transparent Layer. This can help you to find the the propper position of the objects, will help to define the distances and the sizes of the different objects.

24. Proportions Nicolás Berlingieri PROPORTIONS Drawing up in a layer the perspective lines, these will define zones which can be filled up with colors.

25. Proportions Nicolás Berlingieri PROPORTIONS This way it is possible to easily define the sizes of the several objects which will be inserted.

26. Proportions Nicolás Berlingieri PROPORTIONS Lowering the opacity of the layer by 50%, through its transparency we can see where to locate the objects. So they will match the previous established zones.

27. Proportions Nicolás Berlingieri PROPORTIONS These objects can be easily adapted to the proportional sizes, in order to obtain an harmonic result.

28. Proportions Nicolás Berlingieri PROPORCIONES Estos se pueden adaptar facilmente a los tamaños proporcionales a fin de obtener un resultado armónico. Títle: Cappadocia Daliniana (Dalinian Cappadokia)

29. Proportions Nicolás Berlingieri PROPORTIONS The perspective lines help us to compose, to distort and to trim the objects, obtaining a more realistic perspective, even with elements intentionally out of proportions. PROPORTIONS The perspective lines help us to compose, to distort and to trim the objects, obtaining a more realistic perspective, even with elements intentionally out of proportions.

30. Proportions Nicolás Berlingieri Títle: Estiramiento al atardecer (Sunset jerk)

31. Color chart Nicolás Berlingieri COLOR CHART It is convenient to have a folder with fixed colors. Those colors will help us very much when we need to put color in a determined zone. They can be defined with the R (Red), G (Green) and (B) Blue values.

32. Color chart Nicolás Berlingieri COLOR CHART In the presses, the numerical values of the colors are expressed as Cyan (C), Magenta (M), Yellow (Y) and Black (K). Its more direct and easy the Hexadecimal number (#). The Skin color changes according to the race of the person.

33. Color chart Nicolás Berlingieri COLOR CHART There are some products which have a very determined color. It must be respected.

34. Color chart Nicolás Berlingieri COLOR CHART Metals as Gold, Bronze, Copper and others, they have a well defined color among little variants.

35. Textures Nicolás Berlingieri TEXTURES Another important folder, is the one corresponding to Textures. In it you can put textures of walls, sands…

36. Textures Nicolás Berlingieri TEXTURES It may contain textures of floors, rush matting…

37. Textures Nicolás Berlingieri TEXTURES …or fine and thick grass textures, venetian tiles, etc.

38. Textures Nicolás Berlingieri TEXTURES You can build up a texture. Lets see how… Take an image where you find a texture you like.

39. Textures Nicolás Berlingieri TEXTURES Lets enlarge the zone to have a better work.

40. Textures Nicolás Berlingieri TEXTURES Select the four corners with the Poligonal Lasso, even if they are not properly aligned.

41. Textures Nicolás Berlingieri TEXTURES Once you have the area selected with the lasso, choose Edit / Copy, then make a new image with the menu command File / New and past with Edit / Paste. If the selected area was not perfectly alligned, there will be a border with no image…

42. Textures Nicolás Berlingieri TEXTURES With the Grid activated, and with the option: Transform / Distort, let us make the drawing perfectly aligned horizontally and vertically.

43. Textures Nicolás Berlingieri TEXTURES Let us trim the leftover of the edges and, with the command Image / Size of image, let us put equal values for Width and Height, in order to make a sqared image.

44. Textures Nicolás Berlingieri TEXTURES We will obtain a Tile or Floor tile which can be defined as Motiv (Option: Edit / Define Motiv).

45. Textures Nicolás Berlingieri TEXTURES With the Motiv Stamp, in a New image, we will be able to make a wall

46. Textures Nicolás Berlingieri TEXTURES Duplicating the layer of the wall, moving it downwards and distorting the perspective, we will be able fix the floor. With the tool Degrading / Multiply we will add realism.

47. Textures Nicolás Berlingieri TEXTURES Adding elements and shadows we will form the Photomontage

48. Textures Nicolás Berlingieri TEXTURES And adding lightning effects we will obtain a more interesting image…

49. Textures Nicolás Berlingieri Títle: Odalisca Daliniana (Dalinian Odalisca)

50. Motivs Nicolás Berlingieri MOTIVS A folder with several Motivs will allow to freely choose among differents textures.

51. Motivs Nicolás Berlingieri MOTIVS Some examples where it was used the Double Arch motiv

52. Motivs Nicolás Berlingieri MOTIVS Sometimes motivs can be mixed and distorted to obtain interesting effects

53. Motivs Nicolás Berlingieri MOTIVS A motiv can have a transparen background, as this Un motivo puede tener un fondo transparente, like this wire of prongs, which allows to make a wire fence on any background in very simple way.

54. Personages Nicolás Berlingieri PERSONAGES A folder with personages already extracted from their original back-ground, allow us to easily choose them and to paste them in other back-grounds.

55. Personages Nicolás Berlingieri PERSONAGES A folder with personages already extracted from their original back-ground, allow us to easily choose them and to paste them in other back-grounds.

56. Personages Nicolás Berlingieri PERSONAGES A folder with personages already extracted from their original back-ground, allow us to easily choose them and to paste them in other back-grounds.

57. Personages Nicolás Berlingieri PERSONAGES Some examples….

58. Personages Nicolás Berlingieri PERSONAGES Some examples….

59. Personages Nicolás Berlingieri PERSONAGES Some examples….

60. Personages Nicolás Berlingieri PERSONAGES Some examples….

61. Personages Nicolás Berlingieri PERSONAGES Some examples….

62. Shapes Nicolás Berlingieri SHAPES To create Shapes, rounding and softening their curves, first you add the layers with the shapes…

63. Shapes Nicolás Berlingieri SHAPES Then you blur the image using Gaussian Blur (the image must be black and white)…

64. Shapes Nicolás Berlingieri SHAPES Then, using Image / Adjust / Levels, you can narrow the opposite side cursors (Black and White) toward the center of the Histogram to reduce the softness.

65. Shapes Nicolás Berlingieri SHAPES The layer wich contains the shape, can be used to make a fast selection, using the Magic Wand.

66. Shapes Nicolás Berlingieri SHAPES You can color this shape, add elements (ear, glases), lighting effects, shadows, adding more holes (like the nose in this case), etc.

67. Shapes Nicolás Berlingieri SHAPES Then they will be part of the final image…

68. Shapes Nicolás Berlingieri FORMAS Luego integrarán una imagen final… Títle: Cabeza hueca (Empty head)

69. Shapes Nicolás Berlingieri SHAPES Some Shapes examples…

70. Shapes Nicolás Berlingieri SHAPES Some Shapes examples…

71. Shapes Nicolás Berlingieri SHAPES Some Shapes examples…

72. Nicolás Berlingieri

73. www.berlingieri-photo.com

74. THE END