1. Wars end and Reconstruction
The Southern Economy
Freedmen's Bureau
10% Plan

2. Questions to be Answered?
What was the 10% plan?
What was the Freedmen's Bureau?
How was the South affected by the end of the Civil War?

3. Result of the Civil War Led to period known as Reconstruction.
Results in Southern resentment towards the North and Southern African Americans.
Southern whites will gradually gain control of the government, economy, and society.

4. The South after the War South was a wasteland after war
Economically, Politically, Socially in disarray
South was left without: transportation, roads, etc.
Backward agricultural-based economy.
Southern landowners: Lost land and money
Sharecroppers
Tenant farmers

5. North after the War
The North and Midwest emerged with strong and growing industrial economies, laying the foundation for the sweeping industrialization of the nation (other than the South) in the next half century and the emergence of the U.S. global economic power by the beginning of the 20th century.

6. Freedman’s Bureau The South was left embittered and devastated by war
From Slavery to Freedom: economic and political gains were short lived
Freedman's Bureau – Help African Americans adjust to freedom, gave them an education

7. Lincolns Plan Lincoln wanted to restore the Union as soon as possible
Offered amnesty (pardon)
10% Plan – readmission of the Southern states as soon as possible
Wade – Davis Bill of 1864
Lincoln vetoes the bill and is assassinated soon after

8. 13th Amendment
Reconstruction
Radical Republicans

9. Questions to be Answered?
What were the 13th, 14th , and 15th Amendments?
What were the five military districts the South was broken up into?
What were the black codes?

10. Grant’s Postwar Contributions
Urged Radical Republicans not to be harsh with former Confederates
Elected president and served during most of Reconstruction
Advocated rights for the freedman
Opposed retribution directed at the defeated South

11. Lee’s Postwar Contributions
Urged Southerners to reconcile and rejoin the United States
Served as president of Washington College (Washington & Lee University today)
Emphasized the importance of education to the nation’s future.

12. Douglass’s Postwar Contributions
Supported full equality for African Americans
Advocated for the passage of the 14th and 15th amendments
Encouraged federal government actions to protect the rights of freedmen in the South
Served as ambassador to Haiti and in the civil service

13. New Laws 13th Amendment is adopted abolishing slavery
Black Codes – limits the rights of African Americans
The Civil Rights Act of 1866
14th Amendment – States were prohibited from denying equal rights under the law to any American. Granted citizenship to blacks

14. Radical Reconstruction
Radical Republicans were more punishing to the South
They also clashed with Johnson over the issue of civil rights of freed slaves

15. Radical Reconstruction Act of 1867
Divided the Southern states into 5 military districts
Texas and Louisiana
Arkansas and Mississippi
Alabama, Georgia, Florida
North Carolina, South Carolina
Virginia
Set up requirements for readmissions to Union
Abolished state gov’ts set up by Johnson
15th Amendment – voting rights for freed slaves
13 – 15 Amendments known as Civil War amendments

16. Carpetbaggers and Scalawags
Radical republicans take the right to vote away from many Confederates
Government left in the hands of carpetbaggers (Northerners)and scalawags (Southerners)

17. Johnson's Impeachment
Radical Republicans tried to reduce power of president and remove Johnson from office
Tenure of Office Act
House of Representatives voted to impeach him
Johnson missed impeachment by one vote

18. Ku Klux Klan
Compromise of 1877
After Reconstruction
New South

19. Questions to be Answered?
Who was the secret society that opposed the Radical Republicans?
What were the Jim Crow laws?
What brought about the economic rebuilding of the South?
What was the Compromise of 1877?

20. Ku Klux Klan Opponents of Reconstruction
Threatened carpetbaggers, teachers in black schools, blacks
Used intimidation and violence
KKK Act-outlawed Klan Activities

21. Compromise of 1877
Reconstruction ended following the presidential election of 1876
End of military occupation in South
Enabled former Confederates to gain power
Jim Crow Era
Allowed Rutherford B. Hayes to be President.

22. After Reconstruction
Jim Crow Laws – legally separated blacks from whites in daily life
Example: different schools, bathrooms, water fountains, where they could sit on a train, etc.

23. After Reconstruction
The 14th and 15th Amendments granted blacks the same freedoms but it is not until the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950’s and ’s that they are treated equally.

24. South struggles to establish better economy
New South
South struggles to establish better economy
An alliance between powerful white Southerners and Northern financers brings about economic rebuilding of South
Better transportation = better economy
Election of 1868, U.S. Grant elected