1. Chapter 1 Section 4 The Reformation Continues
Objective: Compare further changes in Protestantism & the Catholic Reformation
Vocabulary: Predestination, Calvinism, Theocracy, Presbyterian, Anabaptist, Catholic Reformation, Jesuits, & Council of Trent
New: Describe a time when people felt the need to change something in society or their life. Be Detailed
Overview of Warm Ups/Classroom Discussions:
What are some rules in regards to starting/completing a warm up?
When we do popsicle sticks/checks for understanding, what do say if you don’t know the answer?
Why do you think I use popsicle sticks?
What does “No Opt Out” mean?

2. Setting the Stage
The Anglican Church remained similar to the Catholic Church in some practices & ceremonies
Martin Luther launched the Reformation in northern Germany, but reformers were at work in other countries
John Calvin, a French follower of Luther, promoted a unique idea about the relationship between people & God
Which Queen changed England back to protestant & created the Anglican Church?

3. Calvin Continues the Reformation
Religious reform in Switzerland was begun by Huldrych Zwingli, a Catholic priest
Zwingli openly attacked abuses in the Catholic Church
1531, a bitter war between Swiss Protestants & Catholics broke out; Swingli died during the war
At the same time, John Calvin, a law student in France began to clarify his religious beliefs
John Calvin grew up to have a huge influence on the spread of Protestantism
In which country was Martin Luther’s reform movement?
Zwingli was influenced by humanist & the reforms of Luther

4. Calvin Formalizes Protestant Ideas
In 1536, Calvin published “Institutions of Christian Religion” which expressed ideas about God, salvation, & human nature
Calvin believed that people were sinful by nature & God chooses very few people to save, the “elect”
Calvin believed in predestination (doctrine that God has decided all things beforehand, including which people will be eternally saved)
The religion based on Calvin’s teachings is called Calvinism
How might predestination affect people’s view points on life?
John Calvin was 8 years old when Martin Luther posted his 95 Theses
The book was a summary of Protestant theology & religious beliefs
He believed people are sinful by nature

5. Calvin Leads the Reformation in Switzerland
Calvin believed that the ideal government was a theocracy (government controlled by religious leaders)
1541, Protestants in Geneva Switzerland asked Calvin to lead their city
Calvin & his followers ran the city according to strict rules
However, people viewed the city as a model city of highly moral citizens
Geneva was a self-governing city of 20,000 people
Everyone attended religion class
No one wore bright clothing
Authorities would excommunicate & banish those who broke the rules
If you preached different doctrines you would be burned at the stake

6. Calvinism Spreads
John Knox was inspired by Calvin & returned to Scotland to put his ideas to work
Followers of Knox became known as Presbyterians
Protestants made Calvinism the official religion in Scotland
Scotland overthrew their Catholic Queen Mary for her infant son James
Swiss, Dutch, & French reformers adopted the Calvinist form of church organization
Many protestant churches directly trace their roots to Calvin

7. Other Protestant Reformers
New Protestant groups formed over differences in beliefs
Anabaptists believed people should be baptized only if they were old enough to decide to be Christian
They believed church & state should be separate
Anabaptists influenced the Amish, Quakers, & Baptists
Many women played a role in the Reformation
At what age do a lot of Christians get baptized?
“Baptize Again”
The anabaptists share their possessions
Protestants & Catholics both persecuted them.
Marguerite of Navarre protected John Calvin from being executed
However, women’s activities in the church were limited to the home

8. The Catholic Reformation
Catholic Reformation was a movement where the Catholic Church sought to make changes
Ignatius wrote the “Spiritual Exercises” that laid out a daily plan of meditation, prayer, & study
1540, the pope create a religious order of Ignatius’s followers called the Jesuits
They founded schools throughout Europe, sent out missionaries, & tried to stop the spread of Protestantism
Tried to convert non Christians to catholic

9. Reforming Popes
Pope Paul III started to reform the Catholic Church, by investigating abuses & calling an Inquisition
the Council of Trent, agreed on several new doctrines in the Catholic Church
Pope Paul IV carried out the council’s decrees
He also created a list of book considered to be “dangerous” to the church & had them burned
What were some negative things happening in the Catholic Church that the pope decided to fix?
Christians need faith & good works for salvation (not just saved by having faith)
Churches interpretation of the Bible was final
They burned 10,000 books in Venice in one day

10. Legacy of the Reformation
The Reformation had religious, social, & political effects
However, it ended the Christian unity of Europe & left it culturally divided
Protestant churches flourished & the Catholic Church became more unified
Both emphasized the role of education & built colleges/universities throughout Europe
As the Catholic Church’s moral & political authority declined, individuals rulers gained power