1. National Objectives
Paris 1919

2. Traditional British foreign policy objectives
David Lloyd George was often the moderating influence between Wilson’s idealism and France’s anti-German vengefulness. He valued freedom of action for Britain and didn’t want to commit the nation to any alliance of guarantee of action, saw Russia as a major threat and a stable Germany as protection against Russian aggression.
Traditional British foreign policy objectives
Elimination of the German fleet as a threat to the British empire
Concrete plans to defeat German attempts at European domination
Return to normal European trade relations
No encouragement of French territorial ambitions

3. Non-Traditional British foreign policy objectives
Britain needed German trade for economic and political reasons – many British overseas markets were lost to the US during the war. At the same time, many colonies had become more economically independent. Plus, a financially stable Germany would be better able to make reparation payments.
Non-Traditional British foreign policy objectives
Germany should be forced to pay reparations (though it should be rehabilitated as soon as possible in order to stabilize international trade)
Germany should be forced to declare “war guilt”
Germany should lose its colonies (this would guarantee Britain that no bases or ports for a future German navy would exist, as well as be a reward to Britain and its dominions)
Independence of Belgium, creation of an independent Poland

4. French aims for the Peace of Paris
Return of Alsace- Lorraine (annexed in 1871)
Independent Rhineland – creation of buffer b/w Germany and France
US-British-French alliance
Extensive Disarmament, loss of all overseas territories by Germany
Creation of new independent states to balance German power
Heavy reparations

5. Italian Peace Aims
Territorial expansion at the expense of Austria-Hungary (promised in Treaty of London)
Reparations from Austria-Hungary
Colonies in former Ottoman Empire and Aegean Islands
Become protector of Albania (control over foreign policy and resources)

6. Japanese Peace Objectives1
Wanted to be considered a major power
Not sympathetic to “self-determination” 2
Japan wanted to keep territory in China (Shandong) and in the North Pacific that had been gained during the war (per secret agreement with Britain) 3
Wanted a statement of racial equality to ensure Japan’s fair treatment in the League of Nations (didn’t happen and caused a lot of resentment toward US by Japanese)