1. Understanding groups and teams

2. What is a Groups
Group
Two or more interacting and interdependent individuals who come together to achieve particular goals

3. Why do people join groups?

4. Why do people join group
Security
By joining a group individuals can reduce the insecurity of standing alone. People feel stronger, have fewer self-doubts and are more resistant to threats when they are a part of a group.

5. Why do people join group
Status
Inclusion in a group that is viewed as important by others provides recognition and status for its members.
Self Esteem
Groups can provide people with feeling of self-worth . This is, in addition to conveying status to those outside the group, membership can also give increased feelings of worth to group members themselves.

6. Why do people join group
Affiliation
Groups can fulfill social needs. People enjoy the regular interaction that comes with group membership. For many people these interactions are their primary way of satisfying their needs for affiliation.

7. Why do people join group
Power
What cannot be achieved individually often becomes possible through group action. There is power in number.
Goal Achievement
There are times when it takes more than one person to accomplish a particular task. There is need to pool talents, knowledge or power in order to complete a job.

8. Types of Groups
1. Formal Groups
2. Informal Groups

9. Types of Groups Formal groups
Work groups that have designated work assignments and tasks directed toward organizational goals
Informal groups
Groups that are independently formed to meet the social needs of their members

10. Basic Group concept 1. Group size
Effect on behavior of group depends upon the type of outcome and number of persons in group.
Large groups- good for getting diverse input
Small groups- good at making use of information
dispersion of responsibility in large groups leads to free rider tendency.

11. 2.group role
Set of expressed behavior patterns attributed to someone who occupies a given position in a social unit or group.
1. group members have particular roles oriented towards task accomplishment or maintain group member satisfaction.
2. individuals play multiple roles.

12. 3. Groups norms
Acceptable standards or expectations that are shared by the group’s members.
Each group has:
1. Its own unique set of norms
2. common norms related to levels of effort and performance.
3. exert powerful influence on performance.

13. 4. Group cohesiveness
Degree to which members are attracted to a group and share the group’s goals.
The group effectiveness depends upon the alignment of group and organizational goals.

14. Stages in Group Development
Forming
Members join and begin the process of defining the group’s purpose, structure, and leadership
Storming
Intragroup conflict occurs as individuals resist control by the group and disagree over leadership
Norming
Close relationships develop as the group becomes cohesive and establishes its norms for acceptable behavior

15. Stages in Group Development
Performing
A fully functional group structure allows the group to focus on performing the task at hand
Adjourning
The group prepares to disband and is no longer concerned with high levels of performance

16. Stages of Group Development

17. Group Decision Making Advantages
Generates more complete information and knowledge
Generates more diverse alternatives
Increases acceptance of a solution
Increases legitimacy of decision

18. Group Decision Making Disadvantages Time consuming Minority domination
Pressures to conform
Ambiguous responsibility

19. Turning groups into effective teams

20. What is team?
Work team is a formal group made up of interdependent individuals who are responsible for the attainment of a common goal.

21. Comparing work groups with work teams
Goal
Share information
Collective performance
synergy
Positive
Neutral (may be negative or positive)
Accountability
Individual
Individual and mutual
skills
complementary
Random and varied

22. Characteristics of effective teams
Clear goals
Members understand and support the goals to be achieved
Relevant skills
Members have the necessary technical and interpersonal skills.

23. Mutual trust
Members are confident in each others’ ability, character, and integrity.
Unified commitment
Loyalty and dedication to the team
Good communication
Messages are readily understood.

25. Types of teams Functional team
A type of work team composed of a manager and his or her subordinates from a particular functional area.
Self-managed team
A type of work team that operates without a manager and is responsible for a complete work process or segment.

26. Cross-functional teams
Employees from about the same hierarchical level, but from different work areas, who come together to accomplish a task.
Virtual teams
Use computer technology to tie-togather physically dispersed members in order to achieve a common goal.

27. Conflict
Any situation in which incompatible goals, attitudes, emotions, or behaviors lead to disagreement or opposition between two or more parties.

28. Nature of organizational conflicts
Functional conflicts
A healthy, constructive disagreement between two or more people.
Dysfunctional conflict
An unhealthy, destructive disagreement between two or more people.fro

29. Forms of conflict in organization
Inter-organizational conflict
Conflict that occurs between two or more organizations
Intergroup conflict
Conflict that occurs between groups or teams in an organization
Interpersonal conflict
Conflict that occurs between two or more individuals

30. Person-role conflict
Conflict that occurs when an individual is expected to perform behaviors in a certain role that conflict with his/her personal values.