1. Chemistry Basics Water Reactions & Enzymes Macro- molecules 1pt 1 pt
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2. The electrons in the outer most shell of an atom

3. What are valence electrons

4. A substance formed by the chemical combination of a metal and a non-metal

5. What is a compound

6. A chemical bond in which electrons are shared between two non-metal atoms

7. What is a covalent bond

8. Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons

9. What are isotopes

10. The attraction between a partially positive hydrogen atom and a partially negative atom of a neighboring molecule is called

11. What is a hydrogen bond

12. Water is ______ because of the uneven distribution of electrons between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms

13. What is polar

14. Water dissolves polar substances very well
Water dissolves polar substances very well. This makes water an excellent __________.

15. What is solvent

16. A pH of 5 is _______ times more ______ than a pH of 8.

17. What is 1000x more acidic

18. Water has a high ______ which explains why it can absorb a lot of energy with little change in temperature

19. What is specific heat

20. _____ are responsible for the high surface tension of water

21. What are cohesion and adhesion

22. The slot or groove in which an enzyme binds to certain molecules is called its __________

23. What is active site

24. A chemical reaction will always involve changes in energy
A chemical reaction will always involve changes in energy. A reaction in which energy is released is known as

25. What is exothermic

26. The specific molecule that an enzyme acts upon is known as it’s _____.

27. What is substrate

28. The amount of energy necessary to start a chemical reaction

29. What is activation energy

30. Heat will disrupt enzyme activity because

31. What is heat denatures the enzyme

32. The macromolecule that is used to store genetic information

33. What are nucleic acids

34. Macromolecules that are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 1:2:1

35. What are carbohydrates

36. Used as long term energy storage and as important components of membranes

37. What are lipids

38. Long chains of amino acids are found in

39. What are proteins

40. A chemical reaction in which a water molecule is removed in order to link two monomers

41. What is dehydration synthesis

42. Name this molecule

43. What is a SATURATED fatty acid

44. A polysaccharide is a ________

45. What is carbohydrate

46. A substance that prevents drastic changes in pH by neutralizing strong acids and bases is known as a ________

47. What is a buffer

48. Flourine has 7 electrons in its outer shell
Flourine has 7 electrons in its outer shell. It is likely to (gain or lose) ___ electrons

49. What is gain 1

50. An enzyme is what type of macromolecule

51. What is a protein