1. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 706

2. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 2, Page 706

3. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 707

5. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 708

6. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 2, Page 710

7. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 3, Page 710

8. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 10, Page 712

9. Chapter 17, Figure 17.1
Bonding in a carbonyl group. The  bond is formed by side-to-side overlap of a p orbital of carbon with a p orbital of oxygen.

10. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 713

11. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 714

12. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 2, Page 714

13. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 3, Page 714

14. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 4, Page 715

15. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 3, Page 716

16. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 717

17. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 2, Page 717

18. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 3, Page 717

19. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 718

20. Chapter 17, Figure 17.2
Reaction coordinate diagrams for nucleophilic addition–elimination reactions with nucleophiles of varying basicity. (TI is the tetrahedral intermediate): (a) The nucleophile is a weaker base than the group attached to the acyl group in the reactant. (b) The nucleophile is a stronger base than the group attached to the acyl group in the reactant. (c) The nucleophile and the group attached to the acyl group in the reactant have similar basicities.

21. Chapter 17, Figure 17.2A
Reaction coordinate diagrams for nucleophilic addition–elimination reactions with nucleophiles of varying basicity. (TI is the tetrahedral intermediate): (a) The nucleophile is a weaker base than the group attached to the acyl group in the reactant. (b) The nucleophile is a stronger base than the group attached to the acyl group in the reactant. (c) The nucleophile and the group attached to the acyl group in the reactant have similar basicities.

22. Chapter 17, Figure 17.2B
Reaction coordinate diagrams for nucleophilic addition–elimination reactions with nucleophiles of varying basicity. (TI is the tetrahedral intermediate): (a) The nucleophile is a weaker base than the group attached to the acyl group in the reactant. (b) The nucleophile is a stronger base than the group attached to the acyl group in the reactant. (c) The nucleophile and the group attached to the acyl group in the reactant have similar basicities.

23. Chapter 17, Figure 17.2C
Reaction coordinate diagrams for nucleophilic addition–elimination reactions with nucleophiles of varying basicity. (TI is the tetrahedral intermediate): (a) The nucleophile is a weaker base than the group attached to the acyl group in the reactant. (b) The nucleophile is a stronger base than the group attached to the acyl group in the reactant. (c) The nucleophile and the group attached to the acyl group in the reactant have similar basicities.

24. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 719

25. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 720

26. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 2, Page 720

27. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 3, Page 720

28. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 4, Page 720

29. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 721

30. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 2, Page 721

31. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 3, Page 721

32. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 8, Page 721

33. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 722

34. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 2, Page 723

35. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 3, Page 723

36. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 2, Page 727

37. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 2, Page 728

38. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 3, Page 728

39. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 729

40. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 730

41. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 2, Page 730

42. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 731

43. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 5, Page 731

44. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 732

45. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 4, Page 732

46. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 2, Page 733

47. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 734

48. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 3, Page 734

49. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 2, Page 735

50. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 736

51. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 2, Page 736

52. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 3, Page 736

53. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 4, Page 736

54. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 5, Page 736

55. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 737

56. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 2, Page 737

57. Chapter 17, Figure 17.4
In aqueous solution, soap forms micelles. The polar heads (carboxylate groups) of the soap molecules form the micelle’s outer surface; the nonpolar tails (fatty acid R groups) extend into the micelle’s interior.

58. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 3, Page 751

59. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 4, Page 751

60. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 5, Page 751

61. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 752

62. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 2, Page 752

63. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 3, Page 752

64. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 4, Page 752

65. Chapter 17, Unnumbered Figure 1, Page 753