1. Getting On The Same Page Gender Differences Sex Gender Gender Identity Sexuality Sexual Orientation Roles Sex and Sexual Roles Gender Roles

2. KEY CONCEPTS Gender Differences Sex Gender We Love Categories
Statistical Significance v. Substantive Significance
Identity Matters
Problems With A Focus On Differences
Sex
Biological Characteristics
Is Sex Dichotomous and Unchangeable?
Gender
Gender As Sex Essentialism
Gender As A Social Construction
Is Gender Dichotomous and Unchangeable?

3. KEY CONCEPTS Gender Identity Sexuality Sexual Orientation
A person’s subjective view of him or her-self as male or female
Usually dichotomous and maybe even unchangeable
Gender identity has “salience”
Sexuality
Eroticism (what turns you on) and sexual behavior (what you do with that interest)
The social construction of sexual meaning
Sexual Orientation
The match between one’s sex and the sex of one’s (desired or actual) sexual partners
Dichotomous? Unchangeable?! A Social Construction?
Meaning and stigma depends on social context

4. KEY CONCEPTS Roles Sex and Sexual Roles Gender Roles
A set of prescriptions and proscriptions for behaviors
Strongly related to positions in particular social contexts
Sex and Sexual Roles
Sex Roles: tied explicitly to sexual and biological differences
Sexual Roles: societal norms of sexual response, drive, and desires
Gender Roles
Characteristics and behaviors that are appropriate for a person based on their gender
Social (NOT personal) expectations
Can become stereotypes and can be the result of stereotypes

5. Desired Personal Characteristics In Personal Ads
This is the usual trend discussed in the literature

6. Offered Personal Characteristics In Personal Ads
This is the usual trend discussed in the literature

7. KEY CONCEPTS Roles Sex and Sexual Roles Gender Roles
A set of prescriptions and proscriptions for behaviors
Strongly related to positions in particular social contexts
Sex and Sexual Roles
Sex Roles: tied explicitly to sexual and biological differences
Sexual Roles: societal norms of sexual response, drive, and desires
Gender Roles
Characteristics and behaviors that are appropriate for a person based on their gender
Social (NOT personal) expectations
Can become stereotypes and can be the result of stereotypes

9. Bem’s Sex Role Inventory
Masculine
Self-reliant
Independent
Athletic
Assertive
Forceful
Analytical
Leader
Risk-Taker
Individualistic
Competitive
Ambitious
Feminine
Yielding
Cheerful
Shy
Affectionate
Flatterable
Understanding
Compassionate
Soft-Spoken
Warm
Gentle
Loves Children
Androgynous (high on both)
Undifferentiated (low on both)
Cross-Sex Typed (masculine females and feminine males)

10. What Are Womenly Traits?
The Ten Most Commonly Selected Traits About American Women
(256 White College Students)
Intelligent
Materialistic
Sensitive
Attractive
Sophisticated
Emotional
Ambitious
Career-Oriented
Independent
Talkative
[Weitz and Gordon 1993]
The Ten Most Commonly Selected Traits About Black Women
(256 White College Students)
Loud
Talkative
Aggressive
Intelligent
Straightforward
Argumentative
Stubborn
Quick-Tempered
“Grouchy”
Too Many Children
[Weitz and Gordon]