1. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project CSFI 2008 30 May 2008
Resources and Services Virtualization without Barriers
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project CSFI May 2008
Author:
Stefano Beco
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/ ) under grant agreement n°

2. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project
Outline
Introduction to Cloud Computing
Introduction to RESERVOIR
The Service Oriented Infrastructure Equation
RESERVOIR challenges
Conclusions
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

3. Just to start… “Five computers”
"I think there is a world market for about five computers" — Remark attributed to Thomas J. Watson (Chairman of the Board of International Business Machines) – 1943
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

4. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project
Cloud computing is an information technology infrastructure in which computing resources are virtualized and accessed as a service.
"Cloud" will be a grand buzzword unifier in IT for the next months: utility computing, grid computing, software-as-a-service, and many other scalable remote computing models will get linked to cloud computing.
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

5. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project
As “Could computing” seems to be “anything anywhere”, shouldn’t we focus more on “Cloud business” instead?
“Technology vendors will deliver cloud infrastructure, but those details must be linked for us all, or 'the cloud' will just be nothing more than a buzz-word… We can't spend all of our time arguing about how to implement the cloud and almost no time talking about whether our business can fit the cloud model.”
Daryl Plummer, Gartner Group Vice President, Gartner Fellow
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

6. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project
So… Five computers!
"I think there is a world market for about five computers" — Remark attributed to Thomas J. Watson (Chairman of the Board of International Business Machines) – 1943
“… In a sense, says Yahoo Research Chief Prabhakar Raghavan, there are only five computers on earth. He lists Google, Yahoo, Microsoft, IBM, and Amazon. Few others, he says, can turn electricity into computing power with comparable efficiency …”
From Google and the wisdom of clouds, by Steven Baker - BusinessWeek.com
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

7. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project
RESERVOIR Motivation
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/ ) under grant agreement n°
Service-Oriented economy is at our door
Services over the Internet are winning in the market
Consumers use YouTube, eBay, Amazon, Second Life…
SMEs use hosted Microsoft Exchange, Salesforce.com
Enterprises routinely rely on remote IT outsourcing
Services reduce complexity and cost
Service-Oriented Economy
requires
Service-Oriented Infrastructure
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

8. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project
RESERVOIR Vision
The Next Generation Infrastructure for Service Delivery
Provide revolutionary foundation for a new European infrastructure where resources and services can be transparently and dynamically managed, provisioned and relocated like utilities – virtually “without borders”
No single facility/provider can create a seemingly infinite infrastructure capable of serving massive amounts of users at all times, from all locations
Federation of clouds
Leverage the diversity factor to achieve economies of scale
Leverage locality
Analogies exists in areas outside IT services
Electrical power delivery: capacity can be shifted to guarantee supply and lower costs
Roaming cellular communications: talk wherever you are
Enable utility-like deployment of services, relieving the service consumer from awareness of the IT attributes while assuring QoS and security
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

9. The Service Oriented Infrastructure (SOI) Equation
Integration of virtualization technologies with grid computing driven by new techniques for business service management
Virtualization -
Aware Grid e . g ,
VM usage /
size as the unit
for metering and billing
Grid -
Aware Virtualization e . g ,
live migration across
administrative domains
BSM e . g ,
policy -
based management
of service
level agreement + + =
SOI
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

10. SOI: Grid Computing Grid node or Service Site Physical Resources
Service Tasks
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

11. SOI: Grid Computing + Virtualization
Virtual Execution Environment (VEE)
Improved isolation, Relax dependencies, Well defined billing units
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

12. SOI: Grid Computing + Virtualization + BSM
Policy 1:
If possible keep VEEs from the same organization in the same physical box
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

13. SOI: Grid Computing + Virtualization + BSM
Policy 1:
If possible keep VEEs from the same organization in the same physical box
Policy 2:
Turn off
underutilized physical boxes
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

14. SOI: Grid Computing + Virtualization + BSM
Policy 1:
If possible keep VEEs from the same organization in the same physical box
Policy 2:
Turn off
underutilized physical boxes
Local optimizations (within a single site): placement, power, etc.
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

15. SOI: Grid Computing + Virtualization + BSM - Boundaries
Policy 3:
If possible keep VEEs in “owning”
organization
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

16. SOI: Grid Computing + Virtualization + BSM - Boundaries
Policy 3:
If possible keep VEEs in “owning”
organization
Policy 4:
If possible keep VEEs in least number of external organizations
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

17. SOI: Grid Computing + Virtualization + BSM - Boundaries
Policy 3:
If possible keep VEEs in “owning”
organization
Policy 4:
If possible keep VEEs in least number of external organizations
Migration across sites  Global optimizations: placement, cost, etc.
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

18. SOI: Grid Computing + Virtualization + BSM - Boundaries
Policy 5:
“Follow” your customer
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

19. … - Boundaries  Virtualize the Network …
Create virtual networks connecting VEEs regardless of physical server location
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

20. … - Boundaries  ... and the Storage
Enable secure access to relevant data regardless of storage location
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

21. … - Boundaries  ... and the Storage
“… Unfortunately, at least to date, the methods used to achieve these goals in today’s commercial clouds have not been open and general purpose, but instead been mostly proprietary and specialized for the specific internal uses (e.g., large-scale data analysis) of the companies that developed them. The idea that we might want to enable interoperability between providers (as in the electric power grid) has not yet surfaced. Grid technologies and protocols speak precisely to these issues, and should be considered…”
“…will move towards a mix of microproduction and large utilities, with increasing numbers of small-scale producers (wind, solar, biomass, etc., for energy; for computing, local clusters and embedded processors—in shoes and walls?) co-existing with large-scale regional producers, and load being distributed among them dynamically …”
“ … In building this distributed “cloud” or “grid” (“groud”?), we will need to support on-demand provisioning and configuration of integrated “virtual systems” providing the precise capabilities needed by an end-user … We will need the centralized scale of today’s cloud utilities, and the distribution and interoperability of today’s grid facilities…”
From There’s Grid in then thar Clouds - Ian Foster
Enable secure access to relevant data regardless of storage location
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

22. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project
RESERVOIR Challenges
The RESERVOIR envisioned highly dynamic and cooperative infrastructure relies on:
A service definition language that captures in a high level language the functional and infrastructure requirements of the service (including servers, images, network, storage, inter-tier relations and QoS requirements)
An abstraction layer that separates implementation details from the high level automation system that is responsible for the provisioning, monitoring and reallocation of resources
Inter-domain protocols that enable multiple management sites to cooperate in providing a single service, where the cooperation is automatically driven from a service definition document (fully automated cross-domains SLA management)
The capability of creating fully isolated virtual organizations spread across geographies and management domains
The flexibility of placing and relocating service instances on resources anywhere even across geographies and management domains
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

23. Virtual Execution Environment Management System
RESERVOIR from feet
Physical Layer
Virtualization Layer
Service Layer
Service
Manager
User Layer
Grid Site
End-user
Admin.
Virtual Execution Environment Management System
Value Chain
Consumer
Provider
Infrastructure
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

24. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project
Conclusions
Cloud computing is the top of “virtualization-as-a-service” concept!
“Grid” is (finally!) becoming an appliance, a commodity
“Cloud” targets to “anything anywhere” and “when you like”
Caveat! Don’t forget about “cloud business” when creating “cloud technology”!
RESERVOIR aims at Next-Generation Infrastructure for Service Delivery
Virtualization-aware Grid + Grid-aware virtualization + Business Service Management = Service Oriented Infrastructure
Resources and services must be transparently and dynamically managed, provisioned and relocated virtually “without borders”, in order to actually realize the utility computing paradigm in commercial scenarios
Security, scalability, availability, reliability, cost efficiency, data intensive, mobility, personalization
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

25. a “Take Home” message: Five computers?
One Cloud
"I think there is a world market for about five computers" — Remark attributed to Thomas J. Watson (Chairman of the Board of International Business Machines) – 1943
“… In a sense, says Yahoo Research Chief Prabhakar Raghavan, there are only five computers on earth. He lists Google, Yahoo, Microsoft, IBM, and Amazon. Few others, he says, can turn electricity into computing power with comparable efficiency …”
From Google and the wisdom of clouds, by Steven Baker - BusinessWeek.com
“… The World Wide Web is becoming one vast, programmable machine. As NYU's Clay Shirky likes to say, Watson was off by four …” – Nicholas Carr
From Wired Magazine Q&A with Nicholas Carr
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project

26. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project CSFI 2008 30 May 2008
Resources and Services Virtualization without Barriers
Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project CSFI May 2008
Thanks!!
Author:
Stefano Beco
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/ ) under grant agreement n°