1. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project CSFI 2008 30 May 2008 Author: Stefano Beco (stefano.beco@elsagdatamat.com) Resources and Services Virtualization without Barriers http://www.reservoir-fp7.eu The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007- 2013) under grant agreement n° 215605.

2. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 2 Outline Introduction to Cloud Computing Introduction to RESERVOIR The Service Oriented Infrastructure Equation RESERVOIR challenges Conclusions

3. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 3 Just to start… “Five computers” "I think there is a world market for about five computers" — Remark attributed to Thomas J. Watson (Chairman of the Board of International Business Machines) – 1943

4. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 4 Cloud computing Cloud computing is an information technology infrastructure in which computing resources are virtualized and accessed as a service. "Cloud" will be a grand buzzword unifier in IT for the next months: utility computing, grid computing, software-as-a-service, and many other scalable remote computing models will get linked to cloud computing.

5. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 5 Cloud computing As “Could computing” seems to be “anything anywhere”, shouldn’t we focus more on “Cloud business” instead? “Technology vendors will deliver cloud infrastructure, but those details must be linked for us all, or 'the cloud' will just be nothing more than a buzz-word… We can't spend all of our time arguing about how to implement the cloud and almost no time talking about whether our business can fit the cloud model.” Daryl Plummer, Gartner Group Vice President, Gartner Fellow

6. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 6 So… Five computers! "I think there is a world market for about five computers" — Remark attributed to Thomas J. Watson (Chairman of the Board of International Business Machines) – 1943 “… In a sense, says Yahoo Research Chief Prabhakar Raghavan, there are only five computers on earth. He lists Google, Yahoo, Microsoft, IBM, and Amazon. Few others, he says, can turn electricity into computing power with comparable efficiency …” From Google and the wisdom of clouds, by Steven Baker - BusinessWeek.comGoogle and the wisdom of clouds

7. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 7 RESERVOIR Motivation Service-Oriented economy is at our door Services over the Internet are winning in the market –Consumers use YouTube, eBay, Amazon, Second Life… –SMEs use hosted Microsoft Exchange, Salesforce.com –Enterprises routinely rely on remote IT outsourcing Services reduce complexity and cost Service-Oriented Economy requires Service-Oriented Infrastructure The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007- 2013) under grant agreement n° 215605.

8. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 8 RESERVOIR Vision The Next Generation Infrastructure for Service Delivery –Provide revolutionary foundation for a new European infrastructure where resources and services can be transparently and dynamically managed, provisioned and relocated like utilities – virtually “without borders” –No single facility/provider can create a seemingly infinite infrastructure capable of serving massive amounts of users at all times, from all locations Federation of clouds Leverage the diversity factor to achieve economies of scale Leverage locality –Analogies exists in areas outside IT services Electrical power delivery: capacity can be shifted to guarantee supply and lower costs Roaming cellular communications: talk wherever you are –Enable utility-like deployment of services, relieving the service consumer from awareness of the IT attributes while assuring QoS and security

9. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 9 The Service Oriented Infrastructure (SOI) Equation Integration of virtualization technologies with grid computing driven by new techniques for business service management = SOI Virtualization-Aware Grid e.g.,VM usage/size as the unit for metering and billing Grid-Aware Virtualization e.g.,live migration across administrative domains BSM e.g.,policy-based management of service-level agreement ++

10. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 10 Grid node or Service Site Physical Resources Service Tasks SOI: Grid Computing

11. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 11 SOI: Grid Computing + Virtualization Improved isolation, Relax dependencies, Well defined billing units Virtual Execution Environment (VEE)

12. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 12 SOI: Grid Computing + Virtualization + BSM Policy 1: If possible keep VEEs from the same organization in the same physical box

13. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 13 SOI: Grid Computing + Virtualization + BSM Policy 1: If possible keep VEEs from the same organization in the same physical box Policy 2: Turn off underutilized physical boxes

14. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 14 SOI: Grid Computing + Virtualization + BSM Policy 2: Turn off underutilized physical boxes Policy 1: If possible keep VEEs from the same organization in the same physical box Local optimizations (within a single site) : placement, power, etc.

15. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 15 SOI: Grid Computing + Virtualization + BSM - Boundaries Policy 3: If possible keep VEEs in “owning” organization

16. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 16 SOI: Grid Computing + Virtualization + BSM - Boundaries Policy 3: If possible keep VEEs in “owning” organization Policy 4: If possible keep VEEs in least number of external organizations

17. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 17 SOI: Grid Computing + Virtualization + BSM - Boundaries Migration across sites  Global optimizations: placement, cost, etc. Policy 3: If possible keep VEEs in “owning” organization Policy 4: If possible keep VEEs in least number of external organizations

18. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 18 Policy 5: “Follow” your customer SOI: Grid Computing + Virtualization + BSM - Boundaries

19. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 19 … - Boundaries  Virtualize the Network … Create virtual networks connecting VEEs regardless of physical server location

20. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 20 … - Boundaries ... and the Storage Enable secure access to relevant data regardless of storage location

21. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 21 … - Boundaries ... and the Storage Enable secure access to relevant data regardless of storage location “… Unfortunately, at least to date, the methods used to achieve these goals in today’s commercial clouds have not been open and general purpose, but instead been mostly proprietary and specialized for the specific internal uses (e.g., large- scale data analysis) of the companies that developed them. The idea that we might want to enable interoperability between providers (as in the electric power grid) has not yet surfaced. Grid technologies and protocols speak precisely to these issues, and should be considered…” “…will move towards a mix of microproduction and large utilities, with increasing numbers of small-scale producers (wind, solar, biomass, etc., for energy; for computing, local clusters and embedded processors—in shoes and walls?) co- existing with large-scale regional producers, and load being distributed among them dynamically …” “ … In building this distributed “cloud” or “grid” (“groud”?), we will need to support on-demand provisioning and configuration of integrated “virtual systems” providing the precise capabilities needed by an end-user … We will need the centralized scale of today’s cloud utilities, and the distribution and interoperability of today’s grid facilities…” From There’s Grid in then thar Clouds - Ian FosterThere’s Grid in then thar Clouds

22. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 22 RESERVOIR Challenges The RESERVOIR envisioned highly dynamic and cooperative infrastructure relies on: –A service definition language that captures in a high level language the functional and infrastructure requirements of the service (including servers, images, network, storage, inter-tier relations and QoS requirements) –An abstraction layer that separates implementation details from the high level automation system that is responsible for the provisioning, monitoring and reallocation of resources –Inter-domain protocols that enable multiple management sites to cooperate in providing a single service, where the cooperation is automatically driven from a service definition document (fully automated cross-domains SLA management) –The capability of creating fully isolated virtual organizations spread across geographies and management domains –The flexibility of placing and relocating service instances on resources anywhere even across geographies and management domains

23. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 23 RESERVOIR from 10000 feet Physical Layer Virtualization Layer Service Layer Service Manager Service User Layer Grid Site Service End-user Service Admin. Virtual Execution Environment Management System Value Chain Service Consumer Service Provider Infrastructure Provider

24. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 24 Conclusions Cloud computing is the top of “virtualization-as-a-service” concept! –“Grid” is (finally!) becoming an appliance, a commodity –“Cloud” targets to “anything anywhere” and “when you like” –Caveat! Don’t forget about “cloud business” when creating “cloud technology”! RESERVOIR aims at Next-Generation Infrastructure for Service Delivery –Virtualization-aware Grid + Grid-aware virtualization + Business Service Management = Service Oriented Infrastructure –Resources and services must be transparently and dynamically managed, provisioned and relocated virtually “without borders”, in order to actually realize the utility computing paradigm in commercial scenarios –Security, scalability, availability, reliability, cost efficiency, data intensive, mobility, personalization

25. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project 25 a “Take Home” message: Five computers? "I think there is a world market for about five computers" — Remark attributed to Thomas J. Watson (Chairman of the Board of International Business Machines) – 1943 “… In a sense, says Yahoo Research Chief Prabhakar Raghavan, there are only five computers on earth. He lists Google, Yahoo, Microsoft, IBM, and Amazon. Few others, he says, can turn electricity into computing power with comparable efficiency …” From Google and the wisdom of clouds, by Steven Baker - BusinessWeek.comGoogle and the wisdom of clouds “… The World Wide Web is becoming one vast, programmable machine. As NYU's Clay Shirky likes to say, Watson was off by four …” – Nicholas Carr From Wired Magazine Q&A with Nicholas CarrWired Magazine Q&A with Nicholas Carr One Cloud

26. Cloud Computing and RESERVOIR project CSFI 2008 30 May 2008 Author: Stefano Beco (stefano.beco@elsagdatamat.com) Resources and Services Virtualization without Barriers http://www.reservoir-fp7.eu The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007- 2013) under grant agreement n° 215605. Thanks!!