1. Opening Activity: Wednesday
1. Sam is emigrating from his country because he heard that Australia has amazing surfing, and he is a professional surfer.
PUSH OR PULL FACTOR?????
2. Marley is moving to Canada from Saudi Arabia because her husband already lives here.
What class (type) of immigrant is Marley??
3. Calculate the Population Density of Bolivia:
Population: 10,088,108
Area: 1,099,000

2. Agenda: Wed REMINDER: 30 summative questions due tomorrow!!!
Finish multicultural stuff from yesterday
New topic: Aboriginal Peoples

3. CANADA’S ABORIGINAL PEOPLES

4. Who are Aboriginal Peoples?
Aboriginal Peoples: descendants (offpsring/children of children) of Canada’s original inhabitants
Many Canadians have an Aboriginal heritage and some do not even know it
Just under 1 million Aboriginal people in Canada

5. Traditional view
This is what many of us think of when we think of Aboriginal Peoples.

6. Reality...
Just like all other Canadians, Aboriginal Peoples have a range of lifestyles. While some Aboriginal Peoples lead a very traditional lifestyle, others don’t.

7. Groups of Aboriginal Peoples
The Canadian government recognizes three groups of Aboriginal Peoples:
Indians (First Nations)
Métis
Inuit

8. Indians (First Nations)
Describes all the Aboriginal Peoples in Canada who are not Inuit or Métis
Status vs. Non-Status
Can be grouped into larger groups based on language--Ojibwa, Cree, Mi’kmaq, etc

9. Inuit Aboriginal Peoples who live in the Canadian North
Nunavut, NWT, Northern Quebec and Labrador
Different sub-groups within the Inuit group

10. Metis
Individuals who have both Aboriginal and non- Aboriginal ancestry (background)
Reside in Ontario and provinces to the west
26% of the total First Nations population in Canada

11. Other groups… Cree Innu Iroquois Diné Ojibwe Wendat Haida Mi’kmaq
Dakota
Algonquin

12. Where do Aboriginal people live?
Everywhere!!!
In cities
In rural or remote areas
On reserves
What is a reserve?
Area of land set aside for the use of a group of Aboriginal peoples—often a First Nation

13. A Brief History...
When Europeans began to settle in Canada, Aboriginal peoples became a minority
Hoping to establish and guard their rights, Aboriginal Peoples signed treaties (agreements) with the Europeans
Right to maintain economic base
Right to self-governance
Receive fair payment for land that was taken
The majority of treaties failed miserably and were unfair

14. So what happened next?
Aboriginal people were forced to give up their land claims through the Indian Act, 1876
Forced to move to reserves—temporary at first, but became permanent

15. Residential Schools--Reality
Aboriginal children were removed from their homes and sent here to “take the Indian out of the child”
130 schools, students
Not allowed to practice native culture
Experienced abuse
When they returned home students often felt they did not belong
$1.9 billion in compensation now offered

16. Aboriginal Claims Today…
When Aboriginal Peoples feel as though their rights are not being addressed, they will file a CLAIM

17. Self Government
The right to give input on issues that are important to your people. To regulate your own laws.

18. Largest land claim settlement in Canadian history…

19. Nunavut The largest land claims settlement in Canadian history
On April 1, 1999, the map of Canada changed.
The former Northwest Territories (NWT) was divided in two, creating a new territory called Nunavut.
In the Inuit language, Inuktitut, the word "Nunavut" means "our land.”
The Nunavut population is 85% Inuit

20. The settlement gives Inuit control of more than 350,000 square kilometres of land
It also gives Inuit more than $1 billion over 14 years
It also gives them guaranteed participation in making decisions for managing lands and resources.

21. The Nunavut government faces many challenges, including creating job opportunities for a large workforce of young people  About 56% of Nunavut's population is under the age of 25.
Other challenges: how to increase residents' income and education levels, how to cope with a cost of living that is two to three times higher than the rest of Canadians

22. High living costs…

23. Case Study
Read the case study in your textbook on page to learn about more of Nunavut’s challenges