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15 - 1 The Water Cycle
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Where did all the water come from?
Early Greeks thought it was supplied by rain and snow Earth’s surface receives 5 times as much water as rivers can carry off Where does it come from? Where does it all go?
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Movement of Water Two/thirds or 70 % of earth is covered in water
Lakes Streams Oceans Ice Groundwater
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Water Water is found in living tissues
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Water Vapor and Clouds Small invisible particles Clouds and Fog
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The Water Cycle Constant movement of water between land, air, and water
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Evaporation Liquid changes to a gas Every year:
500,000 km3 into oceans 86% from the ocean
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Transpiration Process in which plants and animals release water vapor into the atmosphere
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Evapotranspiration Total water loss from an area: Evaporation
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Condensation Water changes from a gas to a liquid
When water vapor become cooler it condenses
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Precipitation Any water that falls to the Earth Rain Sleet Snow Hail
75% falls in the oceans
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Water Budget Think of your own budget? Precipitation – income
Evapotranspiration and runoff - expenses
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Determining Factors Temperature Vegetation Wind Precipitation duration
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Drought Evapotranspiration > precipitation
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Flood Evapotranspiration < precipitation
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Water Use Each person, every year: 20,890.5 gallons
90% of water used by cities and industry is returned as wastewater
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Conservation of Water Conserve water
Desalination – removing salt from ocean water Expensive
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