1. What is happening in this picture?

2. Cell Division
Why do it?
VIDEO

3. Cells must divide for… Growth of the organism (Mitosis)
Repair of damaged cells (Mitosis)
Replacement of dying cells (Mitosis)
Reproduction of the organism (Mitosis or Meiosis)

4. REPLICATION / DUPLICATION
The most important part of cell division is the __________________________________________of chromosomes and the separating of DNA into daughter cells!!
REPLICATION / DUPLICATION
How is DNA organized inside the nucleus?
VIDEO
Mitosis - YouTube

7. Karyotype – an analysis of chromosomes for identification of genetic abnormalities, cell sample can be gathered through amniocentesis

10. The Cell Cycle How long does cell division take? G1 (9-11 hours)
S Phase (5-6 hrs)
G2 (3-4 hrs)
Mitosis (~2 hrs)
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

11. Budding yeasts, can progress through all four stages of the cell cycle in only about 90 minutes!
Early embryos have cell cycles that last only 30 Minutes!!! These early embryonic cell cycles rapidly divide the egg cytoplasm into smaller cells. There is no G1 or G2 phase, and DNA replication occurs very rapidly.

12. CELL DIVISION
Both Mitosis AND Meiosis involve 6 distinct stages involving specific changes inside the cell
Interphase
Involves the duplicating of chromosomes and organelles and cell growth (G1, S, G2)
Chromatin is spread out in the nucleus

13. Prophase
Chromatin coils up to form chromosomes
Centromeres form to connect sister chromatids
The nuclear envelopes starts to break down

14. Metaphase
Centrioles move to opposite poles
spindle fibers form and attach to the centromeres
chromosomes line up along the equatorial plane (middle)

15. Anaphase
Chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles of the cell

16. Telophase
The cell membrane pinches inward to form two new cells
Nuclear membranes reform around the chromosomes

17. Cytokinesis
2 New daughter cells seaparate from eachother!
What is cancer?
Cancer Cancer genes we all have
Uncontrolled, abnormal cell growth
Could be brought on by environment carcinogens like UV rays, cigarette smoke, asbestos exposure etc.

18. Skin Cancer in Teens
Children's Melanoma

19. Tanning Facts 5 9 3 4 7 8 6 1 2
Up to 80% of sun’s UV rays can penetrate through clouds & fog
Glass blocks most UVB rays, but NOT UVA
Current research shows that when used as directed, sunscreens are safe and effective
Only some vit.D can be produced using UVB, other sources are in food (fish, milk, cereals)
Use “braod spectrum” sunscreen (UVA & UVB)
Less likely to get skin cancer, but higher chance of dying from it
Any tan is a sign of skin’s attempt to repair sun damage and prevent injury that can cause gene defects
Actually, only 23% of lifetime exposure is before age 18, sun protection is important at all ages!
Indoor tanners have pose a higher risk of ALL forms of skin cancers

20. Cells can divide in two different ways…
MITOSIS
MEIOSIS

21. MEIOSIS VIDEO
Difference between mitosis ans meiosis – YouTube
Biology : Meiosis - cell division - YouTube

22. MITOSIS
MEIOSIS
Involved With ASEXUAL (not sexual) reproduction: growth, repair and replacement
Involved With SEXUAL reproduction: making eggs and sperm (gametes) – called “gametogenesis)
2 Cell divisions occur and 4 daughter cells are produced
Only 1 cell division occurs and 2 daughter cells are produced
Daughter Cells are genetically different from the parent cell and each other! (1/ the chromosome #)
Daughter Cells are genetically identical to the parent cell (same chromosome #)
Parent Cell and Daughter Cells have the “DIPLOID” # of chromosomes (2N or 46)
Parent Cell is “DIPLOID” (2N) but daughter cells are “HAPLOID” (half) or N or 23

23. Prophase | Genetics | Biology - YouTube

24. Spermatogenesis:
The creation of 4 haploid sperm cells from one parent cell
Oogenesis:
The creation of 1 haploid egg cell from one parent cell (the other 3 become non-functional polar bodies)

32. On back of Quest… Describe one type of cancer. Inlcude: Name of Cancer
Organ(s) affected
1 possible Risk Factor/Cause
1 possible treatment