1. Energy flow in food webs
Trophic levels

6. Energy flow in ecosystems
The energy usually starts with the sun.
Producers convert the energy by photosynthesis into food.
Energy is then transferred up the food chain: Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary consumers.
Energy
flow

8. Trophic levels
Trophic levels shows the different feeding relationships in an ecosystem.
A food chain/web shows trophic levels indicates the flow of energy, and the arrows always point in the direction of energy flow.
Between the trophic levels, about 90% of the energy is lost to the environment

10. Pyramids of Production
• The loss of energy with each transfer in a food chain is represented by a pyramid.
Trophic levels are stacked in blocks with primary producers forming the foundation of the pyramid.
The size of each block is proportional to the net production, of each trophic level.

11. Pyramid of Production

12. Feeding the World Which takes more land, eating plants or animals?
• Which takes more fuel?
• Which takes more water?

14. Name the organism!!!!!!!

15. Types of energy Potential energy Kinetic energy Chemical energy
The capacity to do work
Kinetic energy
What potential energy is converted to
Energy of motion
Chemical energy
Potential energy of molecules
Calories: protein - 4 C/g, Carbohydrates – 4 C/g, and fats – 9 C/g

16. Respiration and Photosynthesis

17. The four major macromolecules
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats (Lipids)
Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA)