1. Eosinophil apoptosis caused by theophylline, glucocorticoids, and macrolides after stimulation with IL-5 
Tetsuya Adachi, MDa, Shinji Motojima, MDb, Akira Hirata, MDb, Takeshi Fukuda, MDb, Norio Kihara, MDa, Akinori Kosaku, PhDc, Hideki Ohtake, PhDd, Sohei Makino, MDb 
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 
Volume 98, Issue 6, Pages S207-S215 (December 1996)
DOI: /S (96)
Copyright © 1996 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

2. FIG. 1
Effects of AM (A), MP (B), EM (C), and CAM (D) on survival of eosinophils stimulated with 1 ng/ml IL-5. Data are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 4), and were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p <
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S207-S215DOI: ( /S (96) )
Copyright © 1996 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

3. FIG. 1
Effects of AM (A), MP (B), EM (C), and CAM (D) on survival of eosinophils stimulated with 1 ng/ml IL-5. Data are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 4), and were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p <
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S207-S215DOI: ( /S (96) )
Copyright © 1996 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

4. FIG. 1
Effects of AM (A), MP (B), EM (C), and CAM (D) on survival of eosinophils stimulated with 1 ng/ml IL-5. Data are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 4), and were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p <
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S207-S215DOI: ( /S (96) )
Copyright © 1996 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

5. FIG. 1
Effects of AM (A), MP (B), EM (C), and CAM (D) on survival of eosinophils stimulated with 1 ng/ml IL-5. Data are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 4), and were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p <
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S207-S215DOI: ( /S (96) )
Copyright © 1996 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

6. FIG. 2
Effects of AM (A), MP (B), EM (C), and CAM (D) at physiologic levels on survival of eosinophils stimulated with IL-5 at various concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 4).
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S207-S215DOI: ( /S (96) )
Copyright © 1996 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

7. FIG. 2
Effects of AM (A), MP (B), EM (C), and CAM (D) at physiologic levels on survival of eosinophils stimulated with IL-5 at various concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 4).
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S207-S215DOI: ( /S (96) )
Copyright © 1996 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

8. FIG. 2
Effects of AM (A), MP (B), EM (C), and CAM (D) at physiologic levels on survival of eosinophils stimulated with IL-5 at various concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 4).
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S207-S215DOI: ( /S (96) )
Copyright © 1996 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

9. FIG. 2
Effects of AM (A), MP (B), EM (C), and CAM (D) at physiologic levels on survival of eosinophils stimulated with IL-5 at various concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 4).
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S207-S215DOI: ( /S (96) )
Copyright © 1996 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

10. FIG. 3
Percentage inhibition of survival of eosinophils stimulated with IL-5 at various concentrations. AM, MP, EM, and CAM were used at physiologic concentrations. Percentage inhibition was calculated as (VIL-5 - Vdrug)/(VIL-5 - Vcontrol) × 100, where VIL-5 is viability in the presence of IL-5 alone; Vdrug is viability in the presence of IL-5 and drug; and Vcontrol is viability with medium alone. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 4) and were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S207-S215DOI: ( /S (96) )
Copyright © 1996 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

11. FIG. 3
Percentage inhibition of survival of eosinophils stimulated with IL-5 at various concentrations. AM, MP, EM, and CAM were used at physiologic concentrations. Percentage inhibition was calculated as (VIL-5 - Vdrug)/(VIL-5 - Vcontrol) × 100, where VIL-5 is viability in the presence of IL-5 alone; Vdrug is viability in the presence of IL-5 and drug; and Vcontrol is viability with medium alone. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 4) and were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S207-S215DOI: ( /S (96) )
Copyright © 1996 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

12. FIG. 3
Percentage inhibition of survival of eosinophils stimulated with IL-5 at various concentrations. AM, MP, EM, and CAM were used at physiologic concentrations. Percentage inhibition was calculated as (VIL-5 - Vdrug)/(VIL-5 - Vcontrol) × 100, where VIL-5 is viability in the presence of IL-5 alone; Vdrug is viability in the presence of IL-5 and drug; and Vcontrol is viability with medium alone. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 4) and were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S207-S215DOI: ( /S (96) )
Copyright © 1996 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

13. FIG. 3
Percentage inhibition of survival of eosinophils stimulated with IL-5 at various concentrations. AM, MP, EM, and CAM were used at physiologic concentrations. Percentage inhibition was calculated as (VIL-5 - Vdrug)/(VIL-5 - Vcontrol) × 100, where VIL-5 is viability in the presence of IL-5 alone; Vdrug is viability in the presence of IL-5 and drug; and Vcontrol is viability with medium alone. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 4) and were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S207-S215DOI: ( /S (96) )
Copyright © 1996 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

14. FIG. 4
Effects of various combinations of AM, MP, and EM or CAM at physiologic concentrations on survival of eosinophils stimulated with 1 ng/ml IL-5. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 4) and were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p <
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S207-S215DOI: ( /S (96) )
Copyright © 1996 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

15. FIG. 5
Elecron-microscopic findings of cultured eosinophils. Eosinophils were cultured with 1 ng/ml IL-5 for 3 days in the absence (A, 9400 × original magnification; viability 95%) or presence (B, 9400 × original magnification; viability 43%) of MP (10-6 mol/L), AM (10-4 mol/L), and EM (10 μg/ml).
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S207-S215DOI: ( /S (96) )
Copyright © 1996 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

16. FIG. 5
Elecron-microscopic findings of cultured eosinophils. Eosinophils were cultured with 1 ng/ml IL-5 for 3 days in the absence (A, 9400 × original magnification; viability 95%) or presence (B, 9400 × original magnification; viability 43%) of MP (10-6 mol/L), AM (10-4 mol/L), and EM (10 μg/ml).
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S207-S215DOI: ( /S (96) )
Copyright © 1996 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

17. FIG. 6
Results of agarose gel electrophoresis used to detect apoptosis of eosinophils. Eosinophils were cultured for 3 days with medium alone or in the presence of IL-5 (1 ng/ml) with or without AM (10-3 mol/L), MP (10-5 mol/L), EM (100 μg/ml), or CAM (100 μg/ml).
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S207-S215DOI: ( /S (96) )
Copyright © 1996 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions