1. Dr. Monica B. Casualty medical officer K.R.Hospital
FAINTING (SYNCOPE)
Dr. Monica B.
Casualty medical officer
K.R.Hospital

2. WHAT IS FAINTING?
Fainting is a sudden loss of consciousness, usually temporary and typically caused by a lack of oxygen in the brain.

3. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

4. FAINTING Blood supply to brain is momentarily inadequate.
Loss of conscious is temporary.
Could be of no medical significance or can be a serious medical disorder.

5. SYMPTOMS Dizziness Weakness Sweating Blurred vision, seeing spots
Headache

6. SYMPTOMS Sensation that the room is moving Ringing in the ears.
Nausea, vomiting
Paleness

7. SYMPTOMS Tingling or numbness of fingertips and around lips
Bluish cast to the skin
Shortness of breath

8. PHYSICAL TRIGGERS Heat syncope Suffocation Exercise Orthostatic
Hypoglycemia
Dehydration

9. HEAT SYNCOPE Physical exersion when it is hot.
Body in an effort to cool itself, causes the blood vessels to dilate to such an extent that blood flow to the brain is reduced.

10. FIRST AID
BACK

11. SUFFOCATION
If oxygen levels are below 16% at atmospheric pressure most people faint due to hypoxia.
If oxygen levels fall below 11% individuals may die by suffocation

12. FIRST AID Bring the person to a well ventillated area.
Make him lie down
Loosen tight clothings like tie, belt, etc.
BACK

13. EXERCISE RELATED COLLAPSE
Dehydration
Hypoglycemia
Heat syncope
Orthostatic

14. FIRST AID Stop exercising and rest.
Give some water or water enhanced with electrolytes.
Provide a small snack that is high in carbohydrates or sugar.
Shift to cooler, preferably air-conditioned, environment.
Check for injury
Seek medical attention.
BACK

15. ORTHOSTATIC
Orthostatic hypotension, also known as postural hypotension, occurs when a person's blood pressure falls when suddenly standing up from a lying or sitting position.
Standing for long periods.

16. CARDIOGENIC
Tachycardia
Bradycardia
Arrhythmias
Heart block

17. FIRST AID When a person feels faint:
Make them sit down and ask to place their head between the knees.

18. FIRST AID Place the patient on back.
If they remain unconscious for more than about a minute, put the patient into the recovery position and get emergency medical help
When the person comes round do not let them get up too quickly
Try to loosen all belts, ties, collars and restrictive clothing
Raise their legs about 12 inches (30 centimeters) above heart level
Place the patient on back.

20. RECOVERY POSITION

21. RECOVERY POSITION Kneel on the floor to one side of the person.
Place the person’s arm that is nearest you at a right angle to their body, so that it is bent at the elbow with the hand pointing upwards.

22. Gently pick up their other hand with your palm against theirs (palm to palm). Now place the back of their hand onto their opposite cheek
Use your other arm to reach across to the person’s knee that is furthest from you, and pull it up so that their leg is bent and their foot is flat on the floor.

23. Gently pull their knee towards you so that they roll over onto their side, facing you.
Move the bent leg that is nearest to you, in front of their body so that it is resting on the floor.

24. Gently raise their chin to tilt their head back slightly, as this will open up their airway and help them to breathe.
Check that nothing is blocking their airway. If there is an obstruction, such as food in their mouth, remove this if you can do so safely.
BACK

25. HYPOGLYCEMIA

26. FIRST AID Make them lie down
Give some glucose/sugary items like fruit or juice.
BACK

27. DEHYDRATION

28. FIRST AID Give water with electrolytes. Visit hospital
Shift the patient to cooler, well ventillated room.
Give water with electrolytes.
Visit hospital

29. EMOTIONAL STRESS
When you faint because your body overreacts to certain triggers, such as the sight of blood or extreme emotional distress.
It may also be called neurocardiogenic syncope.

30. FIRST AID If they are feeling dizzy let them lie down. OR
Make them sit down and ask to place their head between the knees.
Shift to safer place.

31. HYPERVENTILLATION Unnaturally fast deep breathing Anxiety
Feeling faint
Trembling or tingling in the hands
Muscle cramps in the hands and feet

32. HYPERVENTILLATION

33. FIRST AID

34. ANEMIA

35. Make the patient lie down
FIRST AID
Make the patient lie down
Take them to hospital

36. PREGNANCY

37. Low BP
Dehydration
Hypoglycemia
Anemia
Growing uterus.

38. PREVENTING
Avoid standing for long periods. If you must stand, make sure that you keep your feet moving to help increase circulation
Get up slowly from either sitting or lying down.
Avoid long periods between meals.
Avoid lying on your back once you reach the middle of your second trimester
Wear loose, comfortable clothing to avoid restricting circulation

39. EATING DISORDER
Anorexia nervosa
Bulimia nervosa

41. ANOREXIA NERVOSA

42. BULIMIA NERVOSA

44. WHAT CAN YOU DO?
FIRST AID
COUNSELLING

46. Dr. MONICA