1. Pre-Columbian Civilization
Aztec and Inca
Pre-Columbian Civilization

2. Political Structure Aztecs Incas
Large Empire organized from a central city
Monarchy with a board of nobles and priests that advise and help lead
Incas
Monarchy with nobles posted throughout the empire

3. Method of Expanding Empire
Aztec
Fierce conquest and alliances
Empire of 30 million people
Inca
Roads connected and led to future conquered people

4. Treatment of Conquered People
Aztec
Tributes: payment from the conquered people
Sacrifice
Inca
Subjugated them and then made them a part of the empire through military service and reward

5. Role of Religion Aztec Inca Polytheistic Animistic Human Sacrifice
gods were above the King and ruled the empire’s daily life
Inca
Animism

6. Social Organization Aztec Inca
Organized and structured by a class system
Inca
Organized similarly to the Aztecs
Each village was organized according to rank
Arranged marriages

7. Type of Economy Aztec Inca
Market: buying and selling controlled by the people
Inca
Command: buying and selling controlled by the government

8. Style of Public Buildings
Aztec
Grand and complex
Religious symbols
Inca
Practical and built into the mountains on terraces
Religious significance

9. Cities Planned/Randomly Built
Aztec
Planned and artistically designed
Complex and well organized
Floating gardens
Inca
Organized and simple
Built into the mountains
Connected by the road system

10. Cause and Effect
1 – Able to learn the trade and able to learn about their enemy
2 – Unity builds strength, numbers builds strength
3 – please the gods, to demonstrate the importance of the religion in daily life
4- Increased usable land, increased food production

11. Cause and Effect
5 – please the gods, show their strength, lessen the population
6 – time, crops and harvesting, tracking weather occurrences
7 – Test of Aztec strength, empire too large
8 – Corruption, too much influence, control issues

12. Building an Incan Empire
Ancient Cultures
Common heritage
Lessons from ancestors
Technological advances
Royal Mummies
Royal significance
Heritage
Afterlife

13. Building an Incan Empire
Pachacuti
Founder of the Incan Empire
Created the Empire by conqueroring the surrounding tribes and folding them into his kingdom
Centralized government

14. Building an Incan Empire
System of Government – ruling uniform, structure, defense
Language – unity, communication, record keeping
Cities – unity, structure, protection
Road System – unity, communication, easier movement
Economy – unity, structure, functionality
Religion – unity, structure, beliefs, reasons