1. Diversity of Plant and Animal Life

2. With an amazing diversity of more than 2 million kinds of organisms, there is a need for CLASSIFICATION.

3. Classification allows us to…
group living organisms systematically according to their common characteristics;
recognise relationships between different living organisms; and
have an easy reference in identifying living organisms.

4. Organisms are classified into FIVE KINGDOMS
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Monera
Kingdom Protoctista
Kingdom Plantae
Kingdom Animalia

5. Kingdom Animalia Invertebrates (with no backbone)
Vertebrates (with backbone)
Without jointed legs
With jointed legs
Fish
Reptiles
Birds
Amphibians
Mammals

6. Invertebrates Animals without jointed legs
E.g. jellyfish
Sea animals with tentacles and stinging cells
Stinging-cell animals
E.g. sponges
Large numbers of pores present on bodies
Sponges
E.g. pinworms, ascaris
Have long, cylindrical bodies with pointed ends
Many are parasites
Roundworms
E.g. tapeworms, liverflukes
Have flat, ribbon-like bodies
Parasites
Flatworms
Sponges
Stinging-cell animals
Flatworms
Roundworms
Large numbers of pores present on bodies
Sea animals with tentacles and stinging cells
Have flat, ribbon-like bodies
Parasites
Have long, cylindrical bodies with pointed ends
Many are parasites
E.g. sponges
E.g. jellyfish
E.g. tapeworms, liverflukes
E.g. pinworms, ascaris

7. Invertebrates Animals without jointed legs Spiny-skinned animals
E.g. starfish, basket stars
Bodies are radially symmetrical with five-part body design
Found only in oceans
Move with tube feet
Spiny-skinned animals
E.g. snails, octopuses
E.g. earthworms, leeches
Soft bodies may be covered by a shell
Use muscular movement
Bodies are divided into segments or parts
Found in a variety of environments
Molluscs (shelled animals)
Segmented worms

8. Invertebrates Animals with jointed legs (Arthropods) )
Bodies are divided into segments or parts
Bodies are covered with a exoskeleton (a hard substance that keeps the shape of the animals)
E.g. millipedes, centipedes, prawns, crabs
With more than four pairs of legs
E.g. spiders, scorpions, mites, ticks
E.g. butterflies, beetles, termites, houseflies
With four pairs of legs (arachnids)
With 3 pairs of legs (insects)

9. Vertebrates Birds Reptiles Mammals Amphibians Fish
E.g. ducks, chickens, penguins
Warm-blooded
Have beaks and feathers
Have wings but not all can fly
Breathe through lungs
Lay eggs with shells
Birds
E.g. monitor lizards, crocodiles, tortoises
Cold-blooded
Bodies are covered with dry skin, and covered with horny scales
Live on land
Reptiles
E.g. human beings, cats, chimpanzees
Bodies are covered with hair
Most give birth to live young
Mammals
E.g. toads, salamanders, frogs
E.g. groupers, sea dragons, stingrays
Bodies are covered by moist skin with no scales
Live partly on land and in water
Bodies are often covered by scales
Breathe using gills
Live in fresh water or sea water
Amphibians
Fish

10. Kingdom Plantae
Flowering plants
Non-flowering plants

11. Flowering plants Have roots, stems and leaves Reproduce by seeds
Produce seed-bearing fruits

12. Non-flowering plants Gymnosperms Ferns Mosses and liverworts
Have roots, stems and leaves (needle-like)
Reproduce by seeds
Seeds are not found in fruits, by in cones
Have roots, stems and leaves
Reproduce by spores
Spores are found on the underside of leaves
Have no true roots, stems or leaves
Spores are found in capsules
E.g. pine, white spruce
Gymnosperms
E.g. Stag’s horn fern, Bird’s nest fern
E.g. Red moss, Leucobryum glaoum, Diphyscium foliosum
Ferns
Mosses and liverworts

13. Dichotomous Key
Classifies objects or organisms based on observable features
Splits a group into two contrasting groups each time it branches out
Can be used to identify organisms

14. Miscellaneous http://www.101science.com/Taxonomy.htm