1. OBJECTIVE
TWW review the organization of language families and analyze the development of lingua franca in order to evaluate whether we should change our approach to the teaching of English worldwide

2. Diffusion and Economics
Lingua Franca… language used among speakers of different languages for purposes of trade and commerce
Need for a common language of international communication

3. English as Lingua Franca
Polish Airline Pilot who flies over France speaks to the traffic controller on the ground in English

4. English as Lingua Franca
Swiss Bankers (who speak a dialect of German) prefer to speak English with German Bankers

5. English as Lingua Franca
English is the official language of…
(1) Airbus Aircraft Factory in Toulouse, France
(2) Merloni Appliance Headquarters in Fabriano, Italy

6. Diffusion and Economics
Pidgin Language… they combine parts of two or more languages in a simplified structure and vocabulary
No native speakers of pidgin languages

7. Diffusion and Economics
Creole Language… a pidgin language that develops into a more complex structure and vocabulary and has become the native language
Cajun Language … example

8. Language and Government
Monolingual State – countries in which one language is spoken
Examples:
(1) Japan in Asia
(2) Uruguay and Venezuela in South America
(3) Portugal and Poland in Europe
(4) Lesotho in Africa

9. Language and Government
Multilingual States – countries in which more than one language is in use
Takes Many Forms:
(1) Canada/Belgium  two different languages each dominate particular areas
(2) India  languages correspond with the states
(3) Peru  regional identities of native tongues are in the Andean Mountains

10. Language and the Government
Official Language – multilingual countries which have selected a language (often by the educated and politically powerful elite), to promote internal cohesion
Language of the Courts and Government

11. Language Fragmentation in Sub Saharan Africa
Map reflects the dominance of Niger-Congo Language Family
Oldest Language = Khoisan Family (click language)
Conquest Theory = Bantu
NEEDS A CHANGE OF SCALE

12. Nigeria 400 different languages for 100 million people
Without British colonialism, Nigeria would not have existed
English = official language
Some students feel as though they cannot return to their villages/home areas and function