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The Thirty Years’ War.

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Presentation on theme: "The Thirty Years’ War."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Thirty Years’ War

2 An “Age of Crisis” Yearning for order  Increased gov’t power
“Little Ice Age”  Vulnerability in villages Economic recession in most of Europe

3 Background to the Thirty Years’ War
Militant Catholicism vs. Militant Calvinism & Bourbons vs. Habsburgs Peace of Augsburg (1555)  Did not account for Calvinism Formation of Protestant Union (1608) Formation of Catholic League (1609) Habsburg consolidation resisted by princes

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5 The Bohemian Phase ( ) Bohemia traditionally resisted Catholicism Habsburg Archduke Ferdinand elected king in 1617 Defenestration of Prague – May 1618 Ferdinand deposed, replaced with Elector Frederick V Ferdinand (HRE) allied with Duke Maximilian of Bavaria Battle of White Mountain, Nov. 8, 1620 Ferdinand reestablished as King of Bohemia, now a hereditary Habsburg possession

6 Talk About It At this point in the war, which groups/sides are winning and why?

7 Danish Phase (1625-1629) Intervention of King Christian IV of Denmark
Albrecht of Wallestein – appointed by HRE Ferdinand to lead Catholic/Imperial army Denmark defeated by Catholic League in 1626 Edict of Restitution, 1629

8 Talk About It At this point in the war, which groups/sides are winning and why?

9 Swedish Phase (1630-1635) Arrival of Swedish king Gustavus Adolphus
Battle of Lutzen, 1632 Battle of Nordlingen, 1634 Edict of Restitution annulled

10 Talk About It At this point in the war, which groups/sides are winning and why?

11 Franco-Swedish Phase (1635-1648)
Religious issue losing significance Battle of Rocroi, 1643 Not decisive overall victory

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13 Outcomes of the War 1648 – Peace of Westphalia ended war
Clearly separation between religion & politics Beginning of modern international order Many areas of Germany devastated Part of “military revolution”

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