1. How does a speaker achieve purpose?
I can explain how an author uses narration to prove a point.
I can write well developed paragraph with depth and complexity.
RI – Analyze a complex set of ideas and how individuals, events, or ideas develop over the course of the text.
RI – Analyze the effectiveness of structure, including whether points are clear, convincing, or engaging.
W – Write explanatory text to convey complex ideas clearly and accurately through effective selection, organization, and analysis of content.

2. Agenda Rhetorical Strategies Discussion and Overview
Focus on Narrative
Example with Humans of New York – Hillary Clinton
Practice with Barack Obama’s 2004 DNC speech
Group Analysis of Rodriquez excerpt from “Aria: A Memoir of a Bilingual Childhood”
Formative Assessment: Paragraph rhetorical analysis of Rodriquez

3. Rhetorical Strategies:
Cause/Effect
Description
Compare/Contrast
Process
Classification
Narration
Definition
Exemplification
We will talk more about these as we progress through the year!
Class Discussion:
What are the characteristics of these strategies? How do you identify them in a text?

4. Rhetorical Strategies Overview The basic approaches a writer uses to tell a story, explain a point, describe a situation, or argue a position.
Sometimes called rhetorical modes or techniques, these strategies help a writer:
organize evidence
connect facts into a sequence
provide clusters of information necessary
in order to convey a purpose or an argument.
You might choose to:
analyze the cause of an outcome
compare one thing to another
classify your facts into categories
define a key term
describe a person, place, or phenomenon
explain how a process works
narrate a pertinent event or experience

5. Narration Characteristics of narrative:
Tells a story, the details of what happened, often in chronological order.
Revolves around a primary tension (conflict) and employs character, plot, and setting.
There should be a focus or main idea to the story
There is a point/reason for recounting the story that becomes clear to the reader.

6. Narration Example

7. Narration Example

8. Practice – Obama’s 2004 DNC speech
1:00
5:30
What strategies does Obama use to create his argument and achieve his purpose?

9. Analysis – Group Work
In your groups, read and annotate the passage for the following:
What you can determine about the speaker? Determine the point of view. Consider the perspective and any bias that may be presented.
Where are there indications of the message (major and minor premises) and purpose?
Consider Rodriquez’s structure – what is he doing in each paragraph? What subject/idea is being addressed? What is the relationship between these ideas?
How does Rodriquez use narrative in order to covey his message and achieve his purpose?
Notice Rodriguez’s diction and imagery. How does his language establish tone?

10. Individual FORMATIVE Assessment
In a well-developed paragraph, analyze how Rodriquez uses personal interactions to convey his discoveries about language.
Helpful Hints:
Identify Rodriguez’s use of narrative/anecdotes.
What idea is Rodriquez trying to covey through this story/What argument is being created?
Explain how the details of his story convey the argument.
Use scoring criteria at the bottom to ensure that you understand how to master the standard! 