1. Bellwork: Thurs. Sept. 28, 2017
1. _____________ cells have a membrane enclosed nucleus…………..like these cells  
2. _____________ cells LACK a membrane enclosed nucleus…………..like this cell  
3. “Ancient” bacteria are called____________________
4. “True” bacteria are called_____________________

2. 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Photo Credit: © Quest/Science Photo Library/Photo Researchers, Inc.

3. Eukaryotic Cell Structures
Organelles : “Little Organs” inside a eukaryotic cell that perform important cellular functions.
Cell biologists divide the eukaryotic cell into two major parts: the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
Cytoplasm is the portion of the cell outside the nucleus.
cyto- = cell
-plasm = fluid material
in cells

4. Gollum, Alien or animal?

5.
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6. Animal Cell Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Nucleolus Nucleus
Ribosome (free)
Nuclear envelope
Cell membrane
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosome (attached)
Centrioles
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondrion

7. Stinking Carrion Flower
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8. Plant Cell – almost exactly like an animal cell EXCEPT: Cell Wall Chloroplast Central Vacuole
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Nuclear envelope
Ribosome (free)
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosome (attached)
Cell wall
Golgi apparatus
Cell membrane
Chloroplast
Mitochondrion
Vacuole

10. The Nucleus: control center of the cell containing nearly all the cell's DNA (usually visible as granular material called chromatin) and the coded instructions for making proteins and other important molecules.
“control
center”
Chromatin
Nuclear envelope
Nucleolus
The nucleus controls most cell processes and contains the hereditary information of DNA. The DNA combines with protein to form chromatin, which is found throughout the nucleus. The small, dense region in the nucleus is the nucleolus.
Nuclear pores

11. Ribosomes: are small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm and on the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
One of the most important jobs carried out in the
cell is making proteins – “protein factory”
Proteins are assembled on ribosomes.
“Protein Factory”

12. Endoplasmic Reticulum – ER (for short)
There are two types of ER—rough and smooth
depending on if they have ribosomes or not
Smooth ER
“Canal System”
Rough ER
With Ribosomes

13. Golgi Apparatus

14. The Golgi apparatus appears as a stack of closely apposed membranes
The Golgi apparatus appears as a stack of closely apposed membranes. It modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the ER for storage in the cell or secretion outside the cell.
“packaging
center”
The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins. Notice the stacklike membranes that make up the Golgi apparatus.

17. Lysosomes “Suicide Sac”
small organelles filled with enzymes that digest, or breaks down, lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell.
Also breaks down old useless organelles removing “junk” that might otherwise accumulate and clutter up the cell.
“Suicide
Sac”

18. “Suicide
Sac”

19. Vacuoles
store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.

20. Central Vacuole: single vacuole filled in plant cells with liquid which aids in cell support.

21. Single celled Protist - Paramecium
Contractile vacuole
Vacuoles are also found in some unicellular organisms and in some animals. The paramecium contains a contractile vacuole that pumps excess water out of the cell.
Single celled
Protist - Paramecium

23. Mitochondria Nearly all eukaryotic cells contain mitochondria
Mitochondria Nearly all eukaryotic cells contain mitochondria. Mitochondria convert the chemical energy stored in food - (glucose) C6H12O6 into compounds (ATP) that are more convenient for the cell to use.
2 Mitochondrion
“power
plant”

24. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

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26. Chloroplasts In plants and some other organisms
Chloroplasts In plants and some other organisms. Capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy (glucose) C6H12O6 in photosynthesis.
Chloroplast
Contain the green
Pigment:
Chlorophyll

27. Do Animal Cells have Choloplasts?No

28. A little history about Mitochondria and the Chloroplasts – The endosymbiotic theory
Chloroplasts and mitochondria contain their own DNA other organelles don’t.
Some scientists theorize they are the descendants of ancient prokaryotes that evolved a symbiotic relationship inside early cells.

29. …The endosymbiotic theory continued
Some had the ability to use oxygen to generate ATP. These prokaryotes and evolved into mitochondria.
Others carried out photosynthesis and evolved into chloroplasts. This idea is called the endosymbiotic theory.

32. microfilaments microtubules
The cytoskeleton is a network of protein filaments that helps the cell to maintain its shape - also involved in movement and support.
The cytoskeleton is made up of:
microfilaments
microtubules
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34. Cytoskeleton Cell membrane Endoplasmic reticulum Microtubule
The cytoskeleton is a network of protein filaments that helps the cell to maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement. Microtubules are part of the cytoskeleton that help maintain cell shape.
Microfilament
Ribosomes
Mitochondrion

35. Centrioles
are located near the nucleus and help to organize cell division.

36. Cell Membrane : regulates what enters & leaves the cell & provides protection and support.36

37. Inner life of a cell https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B_zD3NxSsD8
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38. Cell Organelle Interactive
Centrioles
Plant and Animal Model Interactive

39. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yz4lFeqJP dU&feature=related
Tdhs&feature=related

40. Quiz In the nucleus of a cell, the DNA is usually visible as
a dense region called the nucleolus.
the nuclear envelope.
granular material called chromatin.
condensed bodies called chloroplasts.
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41. Two functions of vacuoles are storing materials and helping to
break down organelles.
assemble proteins.
maintain homeostasis.
make new organelles.
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42. Chloroplasts are found in the cells of
plants only.
plants and some other organisms.
all eukaryotes.
most prokaryotes.

43. Which of the following is NOT a function of the Golgi apparatus?
synthesize proteins.
modify proteins.
sort proteins.
package proteins.

44. Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton?
manufactures new cell organelles
assists in movement of some cells from one place to another
releases energy in cells
modifies, sorts, and packages proteins

45. What 3 things does a plant cell have that an animal cell does not?
1. chloroplasts - photosynthesis
2. Cell wall – cell support
3. Large Central vacuole - cell support

46. What does an animal cell have that a plant cell does not?
1. centrioles – aid in cell division

47. Bellwork:old 1. What is the smooth ER and what does it do?
2. What is the rough ER and what does it do?

48. Bellwork Thurs. Sept. 29, 2016 Do you know the differences between:
Eukaryotic cells Prokaryotic cells
The differences between:
Plant Cells Animal Cells:

49. Bellwork Thurs. Sept. 29, 2016 Do you know the differences between:
Eukaryotic cells Prokaryotic cells
The differences between:
Plant Cells Animal Cells: