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Development and Milestones Krzysztof Narębski

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Presentation on theme: "Development and Milestones Krzysztof Narębski"— Presentation transcript:

1 Development and Milestones Krzysztof Narębski

2 Problems to discuss What is normal child development - definitions
Influences on development Milestones Percentile charts Basic life support - extra 2

3 Normal child development - definitions
Auxology – science of development and environmental influences on it Development (pre & postnatal) : Growth Specialization / Differentiation Maturation 3

4 Postnatal development – stages :
Newborn Infant Toddler Pre – school School Adolescent 4

5 Influences on development
1. Intrinsic factors : - genes - parents’ age - number of pregnancies 2. Environmental factors - nutritional - economic and social (deprivation !) - geographical 5

6 Developmental Milestones
Important developmental skills (0 – 5 years of age) [later cognition and abstract thinking] Median and limit age of acquisition Sequence of progress Remember prematurely born ! Variation in the pattern of development 6

7 Locomotor pattern variation
7

8 Category of milestones (fields of development)
Gross motor Vision and fine motor Hearing, speech and language Social, emotional and behavioural Progress should be similar in each field ! (global delay vs specific delay) 8

9 Gross motor – median age
Raises head – 6 – 8 weeks Sits without support – 6 – 8 months Crawling – – 9 months Cruises around furniture – 10 months Walks unsteadily – 12 months Walks steadily – months 9

10 Milestones Gross motor
10

11 Vision and fine motor – median age
Follows face by turning head - 6 weeks Reaches out for toys – 4 months Palmar grasp – 4 – 6 months Transfer toys from one hand to another months Pincer grip – months Draw line – 2 years 11

12 Milestones Vision and fine motor
12

13 Hearing, speech and language – median age
Vocalises alone or when spoken to, coos and laughs – 3 – 4 months Turn to soft sounds out of the sight – months Two to three words – 12 months Simple phrases – months Talks constantly – 2,5 – 3 years 13

14 Milestones Hearing, speech, language
14

15 Social, emotional and behavioural – median age
Smiles responsively – 6 weeks Waves bye – bye – 10 – 12 months Drink from a cup with two hands – months Symbolic play – 2 years Interactive play – 2.5 – 3 years 15

16 Milestones Social, emotional, behavioural
16

17 Limit ages - proposal 17

18 Fields of development with limit ages
18

19 Fields of development with limit ages
19

20 Centile charts - characteristics
- method of assessment - growth, weight, head circumference - lines (centiles) 3, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90, 97 - centiles 3 and 97 are limits - centile 50 (median) 20

21 Centile chart for weight Boys
21

22 Centile chart for height Boys
22

23 Height velocity chart

24 Centile chart Boys Height Final height (Tanner) in cm:
Father 185 cm Boy 181,1 cm Mother 165 cm Centile chart Height Final height (Tanner) in cm: Boys = (father + mother + 13) : 2 Girls = (father + mother – 13) : 2 Boys Age Months

25 Pediatric basic life support Pediatric problems mean respiratory problems (rarely primary cardiac problems) !!! 25

26 Primary respiratory problem Secondary cardiac problem 26

27 Pediatric Basic Life Support

28 Basic Life Support – Airways & Breathing
Trained resuscitator

29 Basic Life Support - Circulation
Trained resuscitator

30 Thank you 30


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