1. Today 1/27 in journal: 2. 1. 3. 4. TURN IN IPHONE LAB!!!
To review for quiz 1. Name each monomer and 2. Name the macromolecule that it would build 1. 2. 3. 4.

2. DO NOW 10.3
Draw the following graph and answer the question below in the back of your composition notebook:
Describe the graph above knowing what you learned during the toothpick-ase activity we did on Thursday. Use words such as optimum, temperature, enzyme, substrate, product, active site

3. ENZYMES

4. HOW MUCH WOOD COULD A WOOD CHUCK CHUCK IF A WOOD CHUCK COULD CHUCK WOOD?!

5. Eat:
Cellulose
Need:
Enzyme cellulase
(to break down into glucose)

6. What is lactose intolerance?
Eat: Lactose
Need: Enzyme lactase
(to break down into glucose (and galactose))

8. Intro Video…

9. What is an enzyme? Also called a catalyst
Protein that speeds up the rate of a reaction.
Not changed during the reaction.

10. Why are enzymes important?
Green line is reaction without enzyme
Red line is reaction WITH enzyme.
Decreases the amount of energy needed (activation energy) for a reaction to occur.
As a result, the reaction happens faster.
Simulation:

11. What would happen if we did not have enzymes or they did not work properly?
You would DIE!
No enzymes = reactions happening too slowly so body can’t get what it needs to survive.

12. How Does an Enzyme Work?
Because only certain substrates will fit in certain enzymes they are often compared to a LOCK & KEY MODEL

13. How does an Enzyme Work?
Each enzyme has a specific shape which causes it to bind with specific reactants
Parts of an Enzyme-Substrate Complex:
Substrates- reactants that fit with enzyme
Active site- site on enzyme that substrates bind to
Products- created from combining of substrates. This is what leaves the enzyme

14. Two reactants bind together to make one product
How Does an Enzyme Work?
Enzymes work one of two ways
Bind two reactants to make one product (see picture on right)
Break bonds in large molecule to make many smaller ones (see picture below)
Two reactants bind together to make one product
One reactant is broken apart to make two products. Orange structure is enzyme, green & blue parts in first part of picture are substrates.

15. What may alter enzyme functioning?
pH, salt concentration, temperature
All will DENATURE enzyme.
Changes its shape so it no longer accepts substrates so can’t create products.
This would slow down/stop reactions from happening in body.
Ex. Frying an egg- Check out this animation:

16. And of course… a song....

18. EXIT TICKET! Using what you learned explain this graph:
(i.e. activation energy, what is it showing, what is it comparing, what are the two lines, what are A and B, etc.)

19. Can you answer these questions about the picture below
Can you answer these questions about the picture below? (Check answers on next page.)
What type of macromolecule is an enzyme?
What is another name for enzyme?
What is the enzyme term for #2?
What is the enzyme term for the site on the enzyme where the sucrose attaches?
What is added at #3?
What is the enzyme term for the glucose & fructose created at #4?
Has the enzyme changed in this reaction?
What types of factors could denature the enzyme?
What will happen if the enzyme is denatured?

20. Can you answer these questions about the picture below? ANSWERS
What type of macromolecule is an enzyme? Protein
What is another name for enzyme? Catalyst
What is the enzyme term for #2? Reactant
What is the enzyme term for the site on the enzyme where the sucrose attaches? Active Site
What is added at #3? Water (H2O)
What is the enzyme term for the glucose & fructose created at #4? Products
Has the enzyme changed in this reaction? No- has same shape so can be reused
What types of factors could denature the enzyme? pH, temperature, salt
What will happen if the enzyme is denatured? Active site is changed so reactants can no longer fit into enzyme so reaction can’t happen. This means you can no longer break down sucrose to get the glucose & fructose so cells can’t absorb these glucose & fructose molecules to use them. Cell may “starve” for these molecules.

21. Can you answer these questions about the graph below
Can you answer these questions about the graph below? (Check answers on next page.)
This graphs shows how an enzyme functions at different pH levels.
This enzyme works best at which pH?
Would you find this enzyme in your stomach or blood? How do you know?
This graphs shows how an enzyme functions at different temperatures.
This enzyme works best at which temperature?
What would happen to the reaction (enzyme activity) if the temperature were to reach 70⁰C?

22. Can you answer these questions about the graph below? ANSWERS
This graphs shows how an enzyme functions at different pH levels.
This enzyme works best at which pH? pH 7
Would you find this enzyme in your stomach or blood? Blood How do you know? Stomach has acidic environment so would need an enzyme that works best at an acidic pH level.
This graphs shows how an enzyme functions at different temperatures.
This enzyme works best at which temperature? 40⁰C
What would happen to the reaction (enzyme activity) if the temperature were to reach 70⁰C? Enzyme would be denatured after about 45⁰C so reaction would stop, which means cells can’t get what they need.

23. Extra Resources:
Tutorials:
Simulation:
Animations: