1. Concept Attainment
You will be trying to solve a puzzle by examining two sets of words that are alike/not alike.
On the following slide I will reveal an example, you will be asked to think how these two things are alike and not alike.
After I have revealed two more sets of examples you will be allowed to guess, however, before you are allowed to guess you must provide your own set of positive and negative examples.

2. Concept Attainment Positive Negative Great Britain , Spain, & France
Hawaii, Philippines, & French Congo
Spheres of Influence in China
Boxer Rebellion
Spanish American War
American Civil War
Partitioning of Africa
Arab Spring
America (1840)
America (1776)

3. Africa’s Natural Defense
Unit 6: Africa

4. African Trade [15c-17c]

5. Pre-19c European Trade with Africa

6. Why did Africa Remain “Closed?"
Escarpments – steep cliffs
Cataracts – Large waterfalls on many African rivers; Ex. Nile, Congo, Zambezi
Boats cannot sail down many rivers
Early Europeans did not explore the land

7. Why did Africa Remain “Closed?”
Tropical Climate: Breeding Ground for Disease:
 Malaria (mosquitoes)
Sleeping Sickness – Tsetse Fly
River blindness – Flies
Bilharzia – snails/parasite worms – bladder infections
Guinea Worm
Blinding Trachoma
Ebola

8. Factors Leading to European Imperialism
Unit 6: Africa

9. Think-Pair-Share
At your table please discuss the following prompts and write down your opinion.
“Every empire seeks as its imperialistic mission not to plunder and control but to educate and liberate.” Or
“The truth is that imperialism was never idealistic. It has always been driven by economic or strategic interests.”

10. Definition of Imperialism
Imperialism – a policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically, or socially.

11. European Motives For Imperialism European Nationalism
Source for
Raw
Materials
Missionary Activity
Industrial
Revolution
European
Motives
For Imperialism
Markets for Finished Goods
Military & Naval Bases
Social Darwinism
European Racism
Places to Dump Unwanted/ Excess Popul.
Humanitarian Reasons
Soc. & Eco. Opportunities
“White Man’s Burden”

12. Motives for European Imperialism
Economic – industrial competition, raw materials.
Industrial revolution
Political – rivalries grew in Europe. Increase in nationalism in European countries.
Religious – spread Christianity.

13. Social Darwinism Charles Darwin’s ideas about evolution
“survival of the fittest”
Justification for imperialist expansion.
Racism – the belief that one race is superior to others.
White Man’s Burden

14. Social Darwinism

15. The “White Man’s Burden”
Rudyard Kipling

16. Missionaries
Major push by European missionaries to convert people in Asia, Africa, and the Pacific Islands to Christianity.

17. What Opened the Heart of Africa?
Reasons:
Technologically superior
Maxim gun. Invented (1884). 1st automatic gun.
 Europeans had built steamboats, railroads,
and cables in order to gain control of Africa.
 Europeans developed drugs to prevent
malaria (1829).
 Europeans manipulated rival African groups
to fight one another.

18. European Explorers in Africa
19c  Europeans Map the Interior of Africa

19. Where Is Dr. Livingstone? Sir Henry Morton Stanley
Doctor Livingstone, I Presume?
Sir Henry Morton Stanley
Dr. David Livingstone

20. MMMMM…Give Me Some of the Cake…The Berlin Conference
Unit 6: Africa

21. Berlin Conference Berlin Conference Held: 1884-1885
Goal= Divide Africa to avoid European conflict
14 nations met in Germany
No African Nations were present
The Europeans carved Africa into colonies.
Set future rules on acquiring territories.

22. Berlin Conference of
Another point of view? 

23. Berlin Conference Invitees
 The 14 attending conference:
Austria-Hungary. 8. Netherlands.
Belgium Portugal.
Denmark Russia.
France Spain.
Germany Sweden-Norway (Unified ) Turkey
Great Britain United States
Italy.
BOLD FACE ARE THE MAJOR COUNTRIES INVOLVED AT THE TIME

24. Impact of The Berlin Conference on Africa
Unit 6: Africa

25. Africa 1890

26. Africa In 1914

27. Examples of European Imperialism
Unit 6: Africa

28. Scramble for Africa
King Leopold II of Belgium began controlling the Congo River Basin (modern-day Democratic Republic of Congo).

29. King Leopold II: (r – 1909)

30. Harvesting Rubber

31. Belgium’s Stranglehold on the Congo

32. Punishing “Lazy” Workers

33. 5-8 Million Victims! (50% of Pop.)
It is blood-curdling to see them (the soldiers) returning with the hands of the slain, and to find the hands of young children amongst the bigger ones evidencing their bravery...The rubber from this district has cost hundreds of lives, and the scenes I have witnessed, while unable to help the oppressed, have been almost enough to make me wish I were dead... This rubber traffic is steeped in blood, and if the natives were to rise and sweep every white person on the Upper Congo into eternity, there would still be left a fearful balance to their credit Belgian Official
5-8 Million Victims! (50% of Pop.)