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Cold War 1945-1991.

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Presentation on theme: "Cold War 1945-1991."— Presentation transcript:

1 Cold War

2 Containment Chart: Create in notebooks
Event Year Description How was this a part of containment policy? Truman Doctrine Marshall Plan Berlin Airlift NATO Brinkmanship

3 Cold War Beginnings Following WWII the US and USSR were the only two superpowers left Soon after WWII these two powers were in a Cold War (Icy Tensions) Why?- different economic systems, strategic interests, Stalin’s Speech, Iron Curtain Speech, Atomic Weapons

4 Pre Cold War distrust US USSR
Communism antithesis of Democracy/Freedom/Capitalism Stalin’s Purges Non-Aggression Pact USSR emphasis on Worldwide communism USSR US attempted to undo Revolution Delayed attack on Western Front during WWII Believes peace will come from worldwide communism

5 Yalta Conference 1945 Big 3 – Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin
Germany Split into 4 Occupied Zones Soviet vs. Western Allies (Tension for Four Decades) Agreement to create United Nations

6 Potsdam- 1945 Big 3 – Truman, Churchill, Stalin
Meeting more tense (Truman’s style, plus knowledge of the bomb) Presses Stalin for free elections in Eastern Europe Stalin later gives speech saying Capitalism and Communism cannot exist in same world

7 United States 1946 Churchill Warns of an “Iron Curtain” in Europe
Stalin calls speech an act of war, beginning of the Cold War

8 Truman Doctrine- 1946 Turkey and Greece faced Communist revolutions
Truman asks for and receives 400 million to aid fight against communism Beginning of Containment Policy (not allow communism to spread) Becomes guiding US policy into 1970’s

9 Western Europe 1947 The Marshall Plan gives aid to European Nations
Rebuilt Western Europe, threatened Communism

10 Western Europe/ North America 1949
NATO- North Atlantic Treaty Organization USSR creates Warsaw Pact in 1955

11 USSR/China- 1949 USSR develops A-Bomb
Arms race develops between US and USSR China falls to the Communists

12 Korea 1950-1953 Communist North Korea Invades South Korea
UN and West aid South Korea while Soviet Union and China aid North Korea

13 THURSDAY! We will complete the rest on Thursday.

14 Cuba 1959 Fidel Castro and Communists take Cuba

15 Cuba 1960 Bay of Pigs invasion, attempted overthrow of Fidel Castro’s Communism

16 Cuba 1962 Soviet Missiles Discovered in Cuba
Beginning of 13 Day Cuban Missile Crisis

17 Cuban Missile Crisis Closest ever coming to Nuclear War
Kennedy vs. Kruschev President Kennedy Blocks Cuba with Ships (“eye to eye and the other guy blinked”)

18 Soviet Union Stalin Dies in 1953, Nikita Kruschev becomes new Soviet Leader 1956 begins policy of De-Stalinization

19 Hungary 1956 Hungarian Leader Imre Nage takes Hungary out of Warsaw Pact Kruschev sends in Soviet Troops to regain order

20 USSR-1957 Soviets Launch Sputnik
Beginning of Space Race between US and USSR

21 Berlin, Germany 1961 East Germany builds wall, cuts off access for East Germany to West Berlin Berlin Wall became a symbol of the Cold War

22 Richard Nixon and Detente
Détente- Lessening Cold War Tensions Real Politik- dealing with nations in a practical and flexible manner (anti-containment) Nixon visits China (Sino-Soviet Split) SALT Treaties Policy continued with Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter

23 Ronald Reagan Fiercely Anti-Communist Moved Away from Détente
Increased Military Spending SDI, Strategic Defense Initiative or Star Wars

24 Glasnost Openness- Churches opened, Press allowed to criticize government, Banned authors allowed to publish books

25 Perestroika “Economic Restructuring”, Managers make more decisions, small private businesses

26 Democratization Gradual opening of the political system
Election of a new group of lawmakers Communist Party no longer chose all candidates

27 Berlin, Germany 1989 Berlin Wall falls after Hungary opens its borders (Symbol of End of Cold War) Start of the collapse of the Eastern Block Process of Reunification

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