1. The French and Indian War
The Pressures of Empire

2. The Seven Years War?
French and Indian war refers specifically to conflict in North America
Seven Years War refers to the larger European/Global conflict
War fought between England and France over their colonial holdings in North America
(that is 9 years)
The turning point in history of British North America

4. Origins Conflict began in North America
British and French both claim territory
along the Ohio River
France begins constructing forts in area
that had been purchased by the
English Ohio Company

5. Lt. Col. George Washington
Led an expedition of 200 British soldiers to stop the French
Fighting broke out and Washington built Fort Necessity to defend British position
English beaten by the French, and Washington returns to Virginia, having started a war.

6. Fort Necessity

8. Situations
Get into your group (1-4) and take 10 minutes to read your situation and answer the questions.
Each group will then present their situation and what they decided to do.

9. Class Discussion: Causes of the French and Indian War
Land in Virginia and the other colonies became very expensive
How did it cause conflict?
What effect did it have?
English colonists & fur traders move to the Ohio Valley
Lt. Governor Dinwiddie of VA sells land in the Ohio Valley
The French built military forts in the Ohio Valley & attack the English fort

10. Who drew it???

11. Benjamin Franklin

12. America’s First Political Cartoon
Published in the Philadelphia Gazette on May 8, 1754
Drawn by Franklin to gain public
support for his new strategy
British were desperate to find a new
way to turn the tide of the war

13. The Albany Congress
Representatives from different colonies came together to convince Iroquois to fight for the British
Albany Plan of Union
First proposal for unified colonial government
Passed at the congress, but rejected by colonial legislatures
Although the came to nothing, these events set an important precedent

14. Treaty of Paris, 1763 Ends French presence in North America
New France is completely gone
Expands Spanish presence in America
Spain takes control of French Louisiana
Expands British presence in America
England now controls the entire East Coast, Canada, and west to the Appalachian Mountains.

17. Turning Point?
The French and Indian war was a massive military victory for England, but also extremely costly.
American colonists believed British victory would final make them the equals of British subject in England
The British government in London saw the need to make their colonies more productive, to pay for new, massive war debts

18. Expectations and Resentment
Increasing resentment of colonies by people in England
Colonists wanted an end to high taxes, freedom to settle newly acquired British Territory, and to continue to be left alone by English government, but also wanted to be treated as equals with their fellow Englishmen
All of these would lead to increasing tensions that would end in Revolution

19. Pontiac’s Rebellion
1763, Series of conflicts between English and a loose confederation of American Indian led by Chief Pontiac
Major clashes in Great Lakes region, just recently
won from French.

21. Proclamation of 1763
Government in London halts all settlement west of the Appalachians
This outrages colonists who felt they had fought and died for that land.
Proclamation line was very difficult to enforce, but continues to be a source of bad blood.

23. By the end of 1763, the hopes of many colonists in the wake of the French and Indian War were beginning to waver. Major changes in colonial policy lay ahead, that would quicken the slow process of becoming American.

24. Exit Ticket Use the last 10 minutes of class to answer:
Which Side Will You Choose?
Questions 1-3 of “Major Causes of the French & Indian War”