1. Civil War
Vocabulary Review

2. Slave State A state in which slavery is allowed
In 1891 Missouri applied to be admitted to the Union as a slave state which would upset the balance in Congress.

3. Free State States that did not allow slavery
If there were more slave states than free states, slave states would have more votes in the Senate than free states.

4. Economy
The way in which goods and services are made, sold, and used on a country or area
The southern economy depended on cotton fields and slaves.

5. Missouri Compromise
A plan to keep the balance of slave states and free states
Since northern and southern states were arguing over Missouri, The Missouri Compromise was made and stated that slavery would not be allowed in any new states north of Missouri’s southern border.

6. Tariffs Special taxes on good coming into the United States
Many southerners were angered by the tariffs because it meant British companies bought less cotton. Senator John C,. Calhoun said that Congress was trying to destroy the economy in the south with the tariffs.

7. Abolitionists Americans who wanted to abolish, or end, slavery
In the 1830s abolitionists started the Underground Railroad to help enslaved people escape the south.

8. Popular Sovereignty
The idea that the people, not the federal government, will vote and decide issues that effect them.

9. Uncle Tom’s Cabin
A novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe in The novel describe the cruel treatment of slaves.
After reading Uncle Tom’s Cabin, many people turned against slavery.

10. The Underground Railroad
A secret network of trails, river crossings, and hiding places used to help slaves escape to free states.
Slaves escaping on the Underground Railroad were called passengers.
People who helped slaves escape were called conductors.
The houses where slaves could rest and eat were called stations.

11. Debates Public discussions on political issues
The two candidates participated in fierce debates in front of crowds of voters.

12. treason Betraying one's country
John Brown was convicted of treason for stealing military weapons to give to slaves to help them escape.

13. secede/secession To withdraw
Many southern states threatened to secede from the Union of Lincoln won the presidency.
The secession of 11 southern states from the Union in 1860, led to the Civil War.

14. Civil War A war among people who lie in the same country
The Civil War began on April 12, 1861 in Charleston, SC at Fort Sumter.

15. Draft The selection of men who must serve in the military
Since soldiers in both the Union and Confederate armies were dying, both sides had to use the draft to get more troops.

16. Union The United States, the North
The Union had many strengths including more money, people, and industry than the South.

17. Confederacy
The eleven southern states that seceded from the United states in and 1861 to form their own government
Many southerners believed they would win because Confederate soldiers had more experience.

18. The Emancipation Proclamation
Document that freed all enslaved people in the South
Abraham Lincoln passed The Emancipation Proclamation in 1862 to free slaves in southern slave states and give Union troops an advantage in the war.

19. The Gettysburg Address
Speech by Abraham Lincoln to dedicate Gettysburg cemetery for Union soldiers who had died