1. Your Digestive & Urinary System
Amanda Dermer
Keane Archibald
Dayana Jimenez
Courtney Blazer

2. The Digestive System!!! Chapter 18: Lesson 1 Eighth Graders Age: 13-14
Digestion
Absorption
Elimination

3. Digestive System The purpose define the function of each organ
the pathway food takes through the digestive tract

4. Work Sheet Fill
in the Blank

5. Digestive System The organs and parts of the digestive pathway:
Oral cavity
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine

6. Digestive System
Teeth
Tongue
Liver
Pancreas

7. Digestion
Digestion
The process that breaks down food into substances that can be absorbed by the body for energy, growth, and repair.

8. Ingestion: Mouth, Teeth & Tongue
The function of the mouth is to ingest food sources
The teeth are used for mastication
breaking food down into smaller pieces
The tongue forms food into a ball to prepare for swallowing

9. Ingestion: Mouth, Teeth & Tongue
The mouth, teeth, and tongue play a role in mechanical digestion.
Mechanical digestion physically prepares food for chemical digestion by enzymes.

10. Salivary Glands Secretes saliva Cleanses the mouth
a watery solution containing an enzyme that starts the digestion
Cleanses the mouth
Dissolves food chemicals
Moisten food

11. Salivary Glands
The salivary glands begin the process of chemical digestion.

12. Pharynx After leaving the mouth, food is passed on to the pharynx.
As you swallow:
Uvula: prevents food from passing into the nasal cavity.
Epiglottis: prevent food from entering the respiratory tract.

13. Esophagus Primary Function;
Carry foods and liquids to stomach
Peristalsis moves food though the digestive tract
Food passes through the pharynx into the esophagus
Extends from the pharynx to the stomach

14. Name & Place
Activity

15. Stomach Located below the esophagus A hollow, saclike organ
Consists of three layers of muscles
Flexible, allowing it to expand when you eat.

16. Stomach
A temporary “storage tank” where the chemical breakdown of proteins begin.
The food is mixed together with gastric juices, secretions from the stomach’s lining
containing pepsin and hydrochloric acid.

17. Stomach As the stomach fills: This produces chyme stomach contract
churn the food and gastric juices together
This produces chyme
a creamy, fluid mixture of food and gastric juices .

18. Absorption
The passage of digested food from the digestive tract into the circulatory system.
The small intestine is the major absorption site.

19. Small Intestine The major part of digestion and absorption
20 to 23 feet in length
Secretions from the pancreas, liver, and intestinal juices complete the chemical breakdown of all food.

20. Small Intestine Millions of fingerlike projections called villi
Each villus contains a network of capillaries which absorb digested food particles from the small intestine.
Once food particles enter the capillaries in the villi, they are carried throughout the body by the blood.

21. Small Intestine Three parts to the small intestine Duodenum
Food enters here from the stomach
Jejunum
The middle section of the SI
Ileum
Allow one way flow into the large intestine.

22. The Liver & Pancreas Liver: 2nd largest organ in the body.
Acts to clear the blood of toxins then excreting them in the bile.
Bile is a yellowish-green, bitter fluid important in the breakdown of fats.

23. Liver & Pancreas The pancreas produces 3 enzymes:
Trypsin, which digests proteins
Amylase, which digests carbohydrates
Lipase, which digests fats
Located in the C of the SI’s duodenum.

24. Gallbladder Storage organ for bile produced from liver
Located below the liver
The small intestine stimulates the release of bile into the duodenum.
Not required for digestion

25. Large Intestine Starts Ascending colon Ends at the anus.
A.K.A. the colon
5 to 6 feet long

26. Large Intestine Unabsorbed materials:
leave the small intestine in the form of liquid and fiber
enter the large intestine
Absorbs most remaining
Water
Vitamins

27. Elimination
The expulsion of undigested food or body wastes.

28. Elimination
Harmless bacteria in the large intestine change the consistency of the undigested food into a semisolid waste, called feces
Feces passes from the body through the anus
Termed “bowel movement”

30. Activity: Place that Organ

31. Lifestyle & Dietary Factors
Eat at least 3 servings from a variety of fruits and vegetables to avoid constipation
Practice good hand washing hygiene
Throw food away after it falls on the floor
Wash all foods before eating
Decrease caffeine consumption
See Fact Sheet for More Dietary Info

32. Unhealthy Diet Scenario
Dietary Activity
Unhealthy Diet Scenario

33. Medications
Some over the counter drugs that will help aid in the relief of constipation and diarrhea.
Diarrhea
a. Imodium AD
b. Pepto-Bismol
Constipation
a. Citrucel
b. Ex-Lax

34. Stats of Constipation & Diarrhea

35. Create your own digestive tract
Each group will be representing a different part the digestive tract
A member from each group will stand in front of the class and explain their organs function during the process of digestion
Be creative and have fun with the activity

36. Discussion Time

37. THE
END