1. 22.2 Male and Female Sex Hormones
Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 69
Topic: 22.2 Male and Female Sex Hormones
Essential Question: How do hormones play a key role in the menstrual cycle?
Text: ,
22.2 Male and Female Sex Hormones
How do hormones play a key role in the menstrual cycle?

2. Objective
SWU: how hormones influence the male and female reproductive systems SW: compare the effects of testosterone and estrogen/progesterone in the male and female bodies

3. Human Reproduction
Hormones play a key role in human reproduction

4. Human Reproduction
Different hormones lead to the development of sexual dimorphism
Different body forms of males and females

5. Male Sex Hormones
Male hormones control the male reproductive functions:
In charge of sperm cell production
Oversee the development and maintenance of male sex characteristics

6. Male Sex Hormones
Prior to ten years of age, the male body is reproductively immature:
Body is childlike
Spermatogenic cells of the testes are undifferentiated (haven’t become sperm)

7. P. 68 Male Sex Hormone: Testosterone
Female Sex Hormone: Estrogen / Progesterone
Estrogen:
Progesterone:

8. Male Sex Hormones Testosterone
Begins during fetal development and continues for several weeks after birth
Ceases during childhood
At puberty, testosterone production increases quickly
Will become reproductively functional at this time
Continues throughout lifetime

9. Male Sex Hormones
Determines the development of male genitalia during embryonic development
Penis, scrotum, glands and ducts
Later will signal testes to descend
Ensures development of secondary sex characteristics during puberty
Enlargement of testes
Body hair on face, chest, pubic region
Enlargement of the larynx and thickening of the vocal cords (lowering pitch of voice)
Increased muscular growth, broadening of shoulders, and narrowing of waist
Thickening and strengthening of bones
Maintains the sex drive of males throughout their lifetime
Stimulates sexual activity

10. Female Sex Hormones
Female hormones control the female reproductive functions:
In charge of the maturation of female sex cells (eggs)
Changes that occur during the monthly reproductive cycle

11. Female Sex Hormones
Prior to ten years of age, the female body is reproductively immature:
Body is childlike

12. Female Sex Hormones Estrogen: Primary source is from the ovaries
Increases at puberty
Causing enlargement of vagina, uterus, uterine tubes, ovaries and thickening of endometrium
Ensures development of secondary sex characteristics during puberty
Development of breasts and the mammary glands within the breasts
Increased adipose (fat) tissue in the breasts, thighs, and buttocks
Increased growth of hair in the pubic region

13. Progesterone and the Menstrual Cycle
Causes the endometrium to become more vascular and glandular
Stimulates uterine glands to secrete nutritious fluids to the endometrial tissue which provide a favorable environment for embryonic development

14. Menstrual Cycle
The menstrual cycle prepares the ovaries for ovulation and the uterus for implantation
Starts at puberty ends at menopause
On average, 28 day cycle
Purpose: to time the release of an egg or ovum (ovulation) for possible fertilization and later implantation into the inner lining of the uterus
This implantation MUST occur when the uterine inner lining (the endometrium) is rich with blood vessels
It will shed if no implantation occurs
This breakdown leads to menstrual bleeding
This is a sign no pregnancy occurred

15. Menstrual Cycle
Low levels of progesterone and estrogen signal another menstrual cycle to begin
There is no beginning or end of the menstrual cycle
We designate the first day of the menstrual cycle as the first day of menstruation

16. Body Story: Teen Dreams 45m 31s
Take at least 15 bullets *FOCUS ON SEX HORMONES DISCUSSED
Which hormone?
What did it do?
What did you learn about male and female adolescent bodies that you didn’t know before (3)
What are the major difference between the changes that males vs. females go through during puberty? (3)

17. Ovulation & the Menstrual Cycle (4m5s)