1. Background Explanations Solutions
Today: Drugs
Background
Explanations
Solutions

2. Prior Knowledge Which of these drugs (if any) do you think causes the most social problems in the U.S.? Why?
Alcohol
Nicotine
Meth-Crystal
Meth-Steroids
Marijuana
Heroin
Cocaine/Crack Cocaine
LSD/Acid/Shrooms/PCP
Prescription Pills

3. Alcohol is the most widely used and abused substance in the United States.

4. When is drug use considered drug abuse?
when acceptable social standards of drug use are violated

5. View: Hooked Illegal Drugs and How They Got That Way
Methamphetamines start at 33:00

6. Consequences of drug use
Read the article.
In a group discuss:
What stood out to you most in this story?
Prepare to share the following with the class:
What are the names of your group members?
What is the drug?
2. Who is involved in the story?
3. What were the consequences of drug use?
4. What other ways can the use of this substance hurt
a. Friends/family?
b. Personal healthy?
c. Society as a whole?
Select a recorder and 2-3 speakers to share

7. Societal costs of drug abuse
What are some ways society pays for drug abuse?
Accidents
Crime
Family problems
Work problems
Health problems

8. Health Costs of drug abuse
Shortened life expectancy
Exposure to HIV
Birth defects in children of pregnant users
Cancer
Liver damage
Death

9. Economic Costs of drug abuse
Americans are estimated to have spent in 2004:
$36 billion on cocaine
$11 billion on marijuana
$10 billion on heroin
$5.4 billion on methamphetamines
Government estimates state Americans spend $60 billion dollars a YEAR on illegal drugs

10. Crime Costs of drug abuse
Drug users commit a disproportionate number of crimes
At the time of arrest 63% of males and females tested positive for cocaine, marijuana, methamphetamine, or PCP in 2008

11. Family Costs of Alcohol Abuse
It is estimated that 8.3 million U.S. children live with at least one parent in need of treatment
Children of alcoholics are 4 times more likely to have alcohol or drug problems
Higher instances of: violence, insults, yelling serious arguments, threats

12. View: Hooked Illegal Drugs and How They Got That Way
Before class
Vote:
Which drug are you most interested in learning the background of today?
a. Cocaine at 5:00
b. Heroin at
c. Marijuana at 5:00
d. Ecstasy at 47:00
e. LSD at 1:00

13. Cocaine 1. When did it become illegal? 2. Effects on heart?
3. Study with monkeys:
4. Coca leaves:
5. How did it become cocaine?
6. What kind of racism in connected?

14. Ecstasy 1. How does it work? 2. How did it start?
3. When was it first used legally?
4. Problems:
5. When is it put on emergency ban?

15. LSD 1. How did it start? 2. CIA testing purpose?
3. Timothy Leary felt it should be used to____________________

16. How do each of these theories explain drug abuse?
Sociological explanations
Non-sociological explanations
Structural functionalism
Biological Perspective
Psychological Perspective
Conflict Theory
Symbolic Interactionsim
Focus on
characteristics of individuals that influence participating in drug abuse
Focus on the role
society and social interaction have on participating in drug abuse

17. War on Drugs Richard Nixon
Marijuana Tax Act
Harrison Act
National Prohibition
1970 Scheduling
115:00 Hooked Illegal Drugs

18. Biological Theories
Genetics may predispose an individual to alcoholism.
Children of alcoholics are 4 times as likely to become alcoholics even when raised apart from biological parents (by non-alcoholic parents)
Some individuals are physiologically “wired” to get more pleasure from drugs than others.

19. Psychological Theories
Drug abuse is a response to an emotional or personality disorder (depression)
Some personality types are more susceptible to drug use (anxious, dependent).
drug use may reduces anxiety, loneliness and boredom.

20. Structural Functionalist Perspective
Who would say it?
Structural Functionalist Perspective
Drug abuse is a response to society not working properly
Response to a strain between what you think you should be and what you can be
Drug use may be functional (truck drivers, artists)
Drug abuse can be dysfunctional (crime, violence, family problems)

21. Conflict Perspective Who would say it?
Drug use is a response to political, social and economic inequality.
Escape from frustration caused by inequality.
Most powerful members of society influence the legality of drugs
Groups that benefit from drug use have the power to keep it available and encourage use

22. Symbolic Interactionist Perspective
Who would say it?
Symbolic Interactionist Perspective
If the label “drug user” is internalized drug use will continue or even escalate
Drug users learn motivations and techniques of drug use through interaction with others.
Drug subcultures teach the use
How a drug is labeled can influence use

23. Symbolic Interactionist Perspective
Labels of what is legal and illegal have changed over time:
At various times in U.S. history, drugs that are illegal today were legal and readily available.
In the 1800s and early 1900s, opium was used as a pain killer
(2) Amphetamine-based inhalers were legally available until 1949.
(3) Cocaine was an active ingredient in Coca-Cola until 1906 when it was replaced by another drug–caffeine.

24. Structural functionalism B: drugs can be functional for some
Which sociological explanation of drug abuse do you agree with most? Least? Why?
Structural functionalism A: when society is not functioning properly people use drugs to escape
Structural functionalism B: drugs can be functional for some
Conflict theory A: drug use provides an escape from frustration felt due to inequality in society
Symbolic interactionism A: people learn drug use through the groups they associate with
Symbolic interactionism: labels (on people or on the drugs)influence drug use

25. Proposed Solutions to Drug Problems
Government Regulation
Legalization/Decriminalization
Prevention Education
Rehabilitation Treatments and Therapy
Peer support groups
Collective Action

26. Rehab/Treatment Options
Inpatient treatment refers to the treatment of drug dependence in a hospital.
Outpatient treatment allows individuals to remain in their home and work environments and is often less expensive.

27. Peer Support Groups
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA) are voluntary associations whose only membership requirement is the desire to stop drinking or taking drugs.
AA and NA are self-help groups that offer “sponsors” to each new member and proceed along a continuum of 12 steps to recovery.

28. Peer Groups-12 steps
Step 1 - admit we were powerless over our addiction
Step 2 - believe we can restore our lives
Step 3 - Make a decision to turn our will and our lives over to the care of God
Step 4 - Make a moral inventory of ourselves
Step 5 - Admit to God, to ourselves, and others the nature of our wrongs
Step 6 – Prepare for God remove all these defects of character
Step 7 - Humbly asked God to remove our shortcomings
Step 8 - Make a list of all persons we had harmed, make amends with them all
Step 9 - Made direct amends to such people wherever possible
Step 10 - Continued to take personal inventory
Step 11 – Use prayer and meditation to improve our conscious contact with God
Step 12 - Having had a spiritual awakening as the result of these steps, we tried to carry this message to other addicts, and to practice these principles in all our affairs

29. Prevention education for athletes
ATLAS (Athletes Training and Learning to Avoid Steroids) The product of 10 years of research, ATLAS is a multicomponent school-based program for male high school athletes (13 to 19 years old).
Uses positive peer pressure and role modeling to reduce the use of:
Anabolic steroids
Alcohol and other drugs
Performance-enhancing supplements
Instruction led by student athlete peers and facilitated by coaches

30. What is the most commonly used and most heavily trafficked illegal substance in the world?
marijuana

31. Should marijuana be legalized?
Measure to legalize marijuana was on California's November ballot in 2010 but did not pass

32. Should illegal drugs be de-criminalized?
1. Time to Legalize Drugs?
Ethan Nadelmann on FOX News
2.The libertarian Alternative:
Superior Court Judge Jim Gray on the futility of the war on drugs

33. Think critically Evaluate
Think critically Evaluate. Which solution to drug problems do you think is best or worst? Explain your thinking.
Government Regulation
Legalization/Decriminalization
Prevention Education (DARE or others)
Rehabilitation Treatments and Therapy
Peer support groups (AA)
Collective Action (Mothers Against Drunk Driving-MADD)

34. Service Learning Agreement Due in 2 weeks
Service Learning Agreement At least six hours of actual community service work are required for credit
Organization name, address, phone number, web site link ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Name and position of administrator you will be working with ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Signature of administrator you will be working with to verify planned volunteering ______________________________________Date:_________________
Brief outline of the organization, its mission ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Who benefits from the work of this organization? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What service will you be providing? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

35. Quiz 1 next week Study guide will be posted on website
Study notes, powerpoint, and text
15 questions multiple choice
Bring a scantron and pencil
YOU MUST BE ON TIME, first 20 minutes of class will be quiz

36. Illegal Drugs and How They Got That Way
b. Heroin
c. Marijuana
d. Methamphetamines
e. Ecstasy
f. LSD

37. Before next week Quiz 1 next week
Use the study guide (will be on website after class)
Investigate a non-profit organization for your 6 hours of volunteer work
Service Learning Agreement due in 2 weeks
Read Chapter 4 Crime

38. Prevention Education among youth
Failure of D.A.R.E (Drug Abuse Resistance Education) Or
Alternatives to youth drug education
1. Read ONE of the articles
2. What are 3 important points made by the author?
3. Share findings with 1 or 2 others who had a different article than you