1. University of Northern IA
Presentation prepared by:
Marilyn Shaw
University of Northern IA
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2. Chapter 6 Connecting Listening and Thinking in the Communication Process
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3. This Chapter Will Help You:
Describe how listening helps you make connections with others in all aspects of your life.
Explain the complex nature of the listening process.
Differentiate among three functions of listening behavior.
Select specific attitudes and behaviors to help you overcome the barriers to listening.
Identify instances in which you must be a critical listener.
Understand how to become a competent communicator.
Use technology to take better notes and organize your work.
Identify the similarities and differences in listening behavior in different cultures.
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4. The Task of Listening Listening Hearing
Cognitive activity is defined as the active process of receiving , constructing meaning from, and responding to spoken or nonverbal messages.
Hearing
The passive physiological process in which sound is received by the ear.
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5. The Importance of Effective Listening
View Technology’s Impact:
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6. Stages Effective Listening My granddaughters Responding Remembering
Hearing
Understanding
Remembering
Thinking
Interpreting
Evaluating
Responding
Stages
My granddaughters
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7. Stages of Listening The Hearing Stage The Understanding Stage
Physiological process
The Understanding Stage
Comprehension
The Remembering Stage
Recalling
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8. Stages (Continued) The Thinking Stage
Listening as a Cognitive Construct
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9. Whole Brain Model
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10. Our Four Different Selves
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11. The Interpreting Stage
Understanding the meaning and letting the speaker know that you understand.
The Evaluating Stage
Analyzes the evidence, sorts fact from opinion, determines the intent of the speaker, judges the accuracy of statements and conclusions.
The Responding Stage: Sending Feedback
Storing memory
Picture sent to me by a former student teaching now in Japan. Has given me permission to use it in any way I see fit
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12. The Functions of Listening
Listening to Obtain Information
Listening to Evaluate
Listening with Empathy
Listening for Enjoyment
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13. Discussion: What Does Ralph Nichols Mean by This Statement?
“It seems that we shall eventually come to believe that the responsibility for effective oral communication must be equally shared by speakers and listeners. When this transpires, we shall have taken a long stride toward greater economy in learning, accelerated personal growth, and significantly deepened human understanding.” -Ralph Nichols
Photo from chapter 6 page 141
© Steve Skjold/Alamy
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14. Barriers to Effective Listening
Considering the Topic or Speaker Uninteresting
Criticizing the Speaker Instead of the Message
Concentrating on Details, Not Main Ideas
Avoiding Difficult Listening Situations
Tolerating or Failing to Adjust to Distractions
Faking Attention
Bias and Prejudice
Preferred Thinking
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15. Critical Listening and Critical Thinking
Accuracy of the message
Critical Thinking
Ability to analyze and assess information
Assessing the Speaker’s Motivation
Judging the Accuracy of the Speaker’s Conclusions
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16. Improving Listening Competence
Recognize the importance of listening effectively.
Think of listening as an active process.
A willingness to work and a desire to improve are essential to increase listening effectiveness.
Behave like a good listener.
Take good notes.
Ask questions to clarify information.
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17. Listening and Technology
Can be used as a tool if used effectively
Taking notes
Computer-enhanced presentations
Avoid overdependence on media
Digital literacy
Set of attitudes, understanding, and skills needed to handle and communicate information and knowledge effectively, in a variety of media and formats
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18. Intercultural Listening
Value different cultures place on listening.
Chinese symbol on left means to listen.
Symbols for eyes, ears, and heart—people must listen with their entire beings: their eyes, their ears, and their hearts, with undivided attention.
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19. Chapter 6
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