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Country Presentation Energy Sector in Mauritius
August 2017
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Outline of Presentation
Background Mauritian Economy Energy Situation/Consumption Institutional Arrangements for Power Sector Implementating power projects Key Energy Indicators Electrical Network/Connection Code Power Plants Planning Key Policy and Regulatory Issues
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Background The Republic of Mauritius is a group of islands in the South West of the Indian Ocean, consisting of the main island of Mauritius, the island of Rodrigues and the outer islands of Agalega, St. Brandon and Chagos Archipelago Latitude: 20° 17' S Longitude: 57 ° 33' E Population: About 1.3 M Area of Republic of Mauritius : 2,040 km2 Major Climatic Conditions: Sub Tropical Summer & Winter Average annual rainfall : approx mm Mauritius
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Mauritian Economy The economy was mainly dependent on the sugar and textile industries Pillars of Mauritian Economy: Tourism Textile Information and Communication Technology Financial Sector including offshore Sugar Ocean Economy/Seafood Hub Per capita GDP at current market prices is estimated at USD 9, 800 M with a GDP growth rate of around 3.8%
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Energy Situation in Mauritius
Energy Sources Renewable Energy Sources
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Energy Consumption in Mauritius (2006-2015)
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Institutional The Ministry of Energy and Public Utilities (MEPU) is responsible for the formulation of policies and strategies in the energy, water and wastewater sectors and the establishment of a responsive legal framework to govern the development of these sectors. Vision Ensure energy and water security, safe disposal of wastewater and peaceful use of nuclear technology and ionizing sources.
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Mission To ensure: The availability of reliable electricity, water and wastewater disposal services; The development of renewable sources of energy; The promotion of peaceful use of nuclear technology and a safe utilisation of ionizing sources in line with international radiation safety practices; and, The development of programmes for the promotion of energy efficiency.
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Institutional Chart Ministry of Energy & Public Utilities
Utility Sector (Sanitation) Wastewater Management Authority (WMA) Utility Sector (Energy) Central Electricity Board (CEB) Utility Sector (Water) Central Water Authority (CWA) Water Resources Unit (WRU) Authority for Energy Efficiency Energy Efficiency Management Office (EEMO) Authority for Renewable Energy Promotion Mauritius Renewable Energy Agency (MARENA) Authority for Radiation Protection Radiation Protection Unit (RPA)
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Planning at MEPU RE Master plan ( ) being developed by internal team at the Ministry New LTES ( ) expected to be ready by end 2017
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Utility Regulatory Authority (URA)
URA is an independent body set up in accordance with the URA Act to regulate the utility services, namely electricity, water and wastewater. Electricity Act 2005 proclaimed – URA did not become operational. In 2015, Government took the commitment to make it fully operational and in 2016, the Chairperson and Commissioners of the Board of the URA were appointed.
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Functions of the URA: To implement the policy of Government relating to applicable utility services; To grant, vary and revoke licences in respect of a utility service; To enforce the conditions laid down in an undertaking authorisation; To regulate tariffs and other charges levied by a licensee in accordance with any rules specified in the relevant Utility legislation; To mediate or arbitrate disputes between a customer and a licensee, or between 2 or more licensees;
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Functions of the URA: To determine whether a licensee has an obligation to extend a utility service to customers or to an area not adequately supplied with such utility service; To establish an appropriate procedure for receiving and enquiring into complaints by customers in relation to any utility services; and To establish and implement adequate systems for monitoring the compliance by licensees with standards and applicable regulations, and making such information publicly available.
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Objectives: To ensure the sustainability and viability of utility services; To protect the interests of both existing and future customers; To promote efficiency in both operations and capital investments in respect of utility services; To promote competition to prevent unfair and anti-competitive practices in the utility services industry.
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Staffing in process in order to work on the updating of the existing legislation regarding electricity and water as well as the formulation of regulations to enable it to fulfill its responsibilities and work on the establishment of a licensing system.
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Energy Efficiency Management Office
Set up under Section 4 of the Energy Efficiency Act 2011 Functions: To implement strategies and programmes for the efficient use of energy To establish links with regional and international institutions and participate in programmes pertaining to the efficient use of energy. Objectives: Promote awareness for the efficient use of energy as a means to reduce carbon emissions and protect the environment To highlight the initiatives in energy in the domestic, industrial, transport and services sector in view of sensitising and creating a synergy around an effective management of energy
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Recent Initiatives by EEMO
Sensitisation Campaigns on Energy Efficiency in Primary and Secondary Schools and Social Welfare Centres Energy Audits carried out in Schools - an excel-based Energy Audit tool which follows the ISO developed to help Energy Auditors in carrying out energy audits Energy Efficiency (Registration of Energy Auditor) Regulations 2016 Energy Efficiency (Energy Consumer and Energy Audit) Regulations 2017 Energy Efficiency Labelling – Energy Efficiency (Labelling of Regulated Machinery) Regulations 2017
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Ongoing Initiatives: Develop and enforce Minimum Energy Performance Standards for household electrical appliances Action Plans to implement demonstration projects energy efficiency projects in the Public Sector Monitoring energy efficiency in public buildings Voluntary agreements to encourage industries to adopt energy efficiency measures Establishment of Energy Performance Contracting and Energy Service Companies Energy Observatory Reports published on annual basis
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Mauritius Renewable Energy Agency (MARENA)
Enacted by the MARENA Act of 2015 Created to oversee the development of renewable energy in Mauritius Responsible to promote renewable energy and create an environment conducive to the development of renewable energy.
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Objectives: To promote the adoption and use of renewable energy with a view to achieving sustainable development goals; To advise on possible uses of liquid natural gas; To create an enabling environment for the development of renewable energy; To increase the share of renewable energy in the national energy mix; To share information and experience on renewable energy research and technology; and To foster collaboration and networking, at regional and international levels, with institutions promoting renewable energy.
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Mechanism to Implement Energy Projects
Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) signed between IPPs and Central Electricity Board (CEB) IPPs – Bagasse, Solar PV, Landfill Gas SIPPs – MSDGs/SSDGs Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) Agreements a contractual agreement between a public entity and a private entity, whereby the private entity performs part of a government organisation's service delivery functions, and assumes the associated risks for a significant period of time. In return, the private entity receives a benefit/financial remuneration according to predefined performance criteria, which may be derived: (a) Entirely from service tariffs or user charges; (b) Entirely from Government budgets; (c) A combination of the above.
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PPPs can have a number of benefits, which include:
Operational gains - These can be achieved by focusing on outputs rather than processes by generating economies from integrating design, building, financing and operating phases through a more inventive use of assets. Strategic clarity - Partnership contracts enhance accountability by clarifying responsibilities and focusing on the key deliverables of a service. The real benefit of PPPs is the value for money derived from operational and strategic benefits
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Key Energy Indicators Variable Indicator 1 Indicator 2 Indicator 3
Installed Generation Capacity About 775 MW % of population with electricity Access % connected to grid (about 99.9%) Currently no off-grid renewable Electricity Tariff Residential 9 USD cents per kWh Commercial 28.06 USD cents per kWh Industrial 15.42 USD cents per kWh Electricity Losses Transmission (2%) Distribution (4.2%) Electricity Trade Imports (GWh) Exports (GWh) N/A for Mauritius
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Energy Data for 2016 Energy Generated – 2, 735 GWh (Fossil – 2, 213 GWh; Renewables – 522 GWh) “Used on Works” – Auxiliary Consumption – 41 GWh about 1.49% Energy exported to Grid (Energy sent out) – 2, 694 GWh Energy Sales – 2, 525 GWh Transmission and Distribution losses – 6.27 % Peak Demand for Island of Mauritius – MW (January 2016) [was MW in 2015]
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MAURITIAN ELECTRICAL NETWORK
Generation Voltage 6.6 kV & kV Transmission Voltage 66 kV Distribution Voltage Primary: kV & 6.6 kV Secondary: 230/400 V
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Connection Code Transmission 66 kV LS IPP (Case to Case Basis)
LV Losses 66KV 309km 22KV 3,279 km HV Customers HV Losses MV Customers MV Losses LV Customers 400V 5,564 km Transmission 66 kV LS IPP (Case to Case Basis) Distribution Grid Code 22kV & Below MSDG Low Voltage Grid Code 230 / 400 V SSDG
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Installed Power Generation
CEB Thermal Name Technology Installed electrical capacity (MW) Effective capacity (MW) Available from year (commisioned) St. Louis 1 Heavy Fuel Oil 12 5 1979 St. Louis 2 1978 St. Louis 3 St. Louis 4 St. Louis 7 13.8 2006 St. Louis 8 St. Louis 9
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CEB Thermal Name Technology Installed electrical capacity (MW)
Effective capacity (MW) Available from year (commisioned) Fort Victoria 1 Heavy Fuel Oil 15 2010 Fort Victoria 2 Fort Victoria 3 2012 Fort Victoria 4 Fort Victoria 5 Fort Victoria 6 Fort Victoria 11 9.8 8.5 1989 Fort Victoria 12
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CEB Thermal Name Technology Installed electrical capacity (MW)
Effective capacity (MW) Available from year (commisioned) Nicolay 1 Kerosene (light oil) 27 21 1988 Nicolay 2 28 1991 Nicolay 3 38 31 1995 Fort George 1 Heavy Fuel Oil 24 22 1992 Fort George 2 1993 Fort George 3 30 1997 Fort George 4 1999 Fort George 5 2000
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CEB Hydro Name Technology Installed electrical capacity (MW)
Effective capacity (MW) Available from year (commisioned) Champagne 1 Hydro 15 14 1984 Champagne 2 Ferney 1 5 1971 Ferney 2 Tamarind Falls 1 4.3 1987 Tamarind Falls 3 2 1.5 1945 Tamarind Falls 4 1946 Tamarind Falls 5 3 1953
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CEB Hydro Name Technology Installed electrical capacity (MW)
Effective capacity (MW) Available from year (commisioned) Le Val 1 Hydro 2 1961 Le Val 2 Reduit 1.2 1984 Cascade Cecile 1 1963 Magenta 0.9 1960 La Ferme 1988 Midlands Dam 0.35 2013
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IPPs Name Technology Installed electrical capacity (MW)
Effective capacity (MW) Available from year (commisioned) F.U.E.L. Bagasse (crop) Bagasse 36.7 20 1997 F.U.E.L. Coal (intercrop) Coal 27 CTBV unit 1 Bagasse (crop) 35 23 2000 CTBV unit 1 Coal (Intercrop) 31 CTBV unit 2 Bagasse (crop) CTBV unit 2 Coal (intercrop)
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IPPs Name Technology Installed electrical capacity (MW)
Effective capacity (MW) Available from year (commisioned) Consolidated energy Limited (Beau Champ) Bagasse Bagasse 24.5 11 1998 Consolidated energy Limited (Beau Champ) Coal Coal 22 CompagnieThermique du Sud 35.6 30 2005 Savannah unit 1 Bagasse (crop) 45 32.75 2007 Savannah unit 1 Coal (Intercrop) 37 Savannah unit 2 Bagasse (crop) Savannah unit 2 Coal (intercrop)
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Continuous Producers Name Technology
Installed electrical capacity (MW) Effective capacity (MW) Available from year (commisioned) Medine (Refurbished) Bagasse 15 11 2014
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Renewable Energy Name Technology Installed electrical capacity (MW)
Effective capacity (MW) Available from year (commisioned) Sarako PV farm Solar PV 15 2014 Wind Farm Plaines Des Roches Wind 9.35 2016 Landfill Gas Landfill Gas 3 2011
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Power Plants Under Construction
Name of Power Plant(including off-grid renewable energy) Technology Type Capacity Cost Expected Year of Completion St Louis Redevelopment Project Medium Speed Diesel Engine 66 MW USD 120 M Sept 2017 Plaines Sophie Wind Farm Wind 29.4 MW USD 62 M June 2018 SSDG & MSDG Solar PV 5 MW + 10 MW 2020
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Planned Power Generation Plants
Name of Power Plant(including off-grid renewable energy) Technology Type Estimated Cost Status CCGT Plant at Fort George CCGT MW USD M Tender Preparation 3x15 MW PV Farm Solar PV 40 MW - ESPA Signed 1-9 MW PV farm 22 MW ESPA signed 2 MW Henrietta PV Farm 2 MW USD 2.2 M Award of Contract SSDG Launched in July 2017 SME 4 MW Devising Scheme
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Key Policy and Regulatory Issues in the Energy Sector
Achieve RE target of 35% by 2025 Energy Efficiency [by % reduction of 2008 Annual Consumption] National grid has to be progressively reinforced – Use of Smart Grid to allow higher penetration of RE Resort to Battery Energy Storage to regulate the frequency of the grid with respect to intermittent renewables Shift to cleaner sources of energy in the medium-to-long term Optimisation of the use of bagasse and cane tops and leaves
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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
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