1. Text Types
Texts are classified into types based on the functions they serve.
写出漂亮的句子 英语写作中的常见错误

2. Global Ideal Text Types
Narration / Narrative
记叙文、叙述类
Description / Descriptive
描写文、描述类
Exposition / Expository
说明文、说明类
修饰词 形容词的位置
Argument / -tative
议论文、议论类

3. Narrative Writing What functions can narration fulfill?
To tell, teach, and entertain
How are narratives classified?
Fact: Imaginary, factual
Focus: story, person, object, moral
人称 数 时态 一致
In what genres is narration often used?
Novels,
biography, anecdotes, fables, fairy tales, etc.

4. Narrative Writing What are to be analyzed in reading narratives?
Setting (when and where)
Plot (introduction, problem, resolution)
Characterization (who, how)
Theme (the intended message)
What is the way of organization? Signal words?
人称 数 时态 一致
Time & sequence, space
First, in the beginning, then, finally, etc.
Case Study

5. Descriptive Writing What functions can description fulfill?
To create a mood, an atmosphere, and a picture
How do you classify description?
A person, a place, an object, and an event
In what genres is description often used?
人称 数 时态 一致
Narrative:
novels, anecdotes, fables, fairy tales, etc.
What linguistic features does description usu. have?
Carefully-chosen adj & adv, sensory description, etc.
Case Study

6. Expository Writing What functions can exposition fulfill?
To inform, explain, clarify, define or instruct.
How do you classify exposition?
What-, how-, why-
In what genres is exposition often used?
人称 数 时态 一致
Recipe, will, textbook, research paper, pamphlet, etc.
What are the usual ways of organization?
General-specific, problem-solution, cause-effect, etc.
Case Study

7. Argumentative Writing
What functions can argumentation fulfill?
To plead, propose, persuade, etc.
In what genres is argumentation often used?
Speeches, editorials, ads, petitions, reviews, etc.
What are the three basic elements?
人称 数 时态 一致
The statement of a position
A series of points with backup evidence
Summary or conclusion
Case Study