1. Important notes about this time period 600 CE – 1450 CE
This time period denotes the start of where most writing prompts and M/C questions come from
We will be covering the chapters for this time period in the following order: (next test will also cover these chapters)
8, 13 (Islam from 600 – 1450)
9, 14 (Europe from 600 – 1450)
10, 12 (China/Mongols, )

2. Time Period 3: 600 CE to 1450 CE – Muslims, Mongols, the Dark Ages, and Crusades
Leading up to this time period
Empires are the new normal. From China to India to Europe to Africa, empires with vast wealth, resources, militaries, and trade networks, rise and fall.
Trade networks have increased the interconnectedness throughout the “known” or “old” world, connecting Afro-Eurasia, resulting in increasing diffusion and syncretism
Social structures, although different in every region, follow the same basic structure: based on wealth, based on controlling/abusing lower classes, little social mobility, patriarch-based societies.
After Islam, all major religions have been established, and continue to spread at various rates through trade and expansion

3. So what’s new in this time period?
Islam comes to DOMINATE nearly all Indian Ocean trade, becomes widespread in Africa, India, Southeast Asia (not China though)
Western Europe goes “dark” as it survives through the use of Feudalism, while the Byzantine carries on the legacy of the Roman Empire
Religious conflict between the Muslim dominated Middle East and Christian Europe over territory
China finally reunifies after the fall of the Han dynasty way back when, and re-emerge as the most powerful region in the world (Sui, Tang, Song Dynasties)
Emergence of massive Empires in Africa: Ghana, Mali, Songhai, and the powerful and wealthy trading city-states of the Swahili Coast (East Africa)
The Mongols create the largest empire the world has ever seen. They are feared, yet tolerant. They also make the Black Plague possible!

6. The Pier and the Ducal Palace, 16th Century
Dome in Florence, Italy, 15th Century - Fillipo Brunelleschi
The Pier and the Ducal Palace, 16th Century
Luca Carlevaris
Left: David – 1501, Michelangelo
Above – Mona Lisa, 1503, Leonardo Da Vinci
Right – Sistine Chapel, 1506, Michelangelo

8. Confucian Exam
Gunpowder
Grand Canal
Compass
Junk