1. The British in India

2. LEQ:
How did British rule cause India to make political, economic and social changes?

3. Early British Involvement in India
By the late 1700s, the British needed to expand into Asia and Africa so that they could continue to stay economically competitive.
FACTORS
Technological advances
Weak empires in Asia and North Africa

4. New Technology Steam-powered gun boats Repeating rifles Machine guns
Exploding shells

5. Weak Empires Mughal Empire declined in 1707
The Ottoman Empire fractured
The Qing dynasty is suffering internal rebellions

6. The Many Faces of Imperialism
Colony – a territory governed by a foreign power
Protectorate – a territory that has its own government but is controlled by a foreign power
Sphere of Influence – a territory in which a country claims exclusive political or economic rights

7. British East India Company
Created to control trade between Britain, East Asia and India
Ruled much of India by 1800
Created chaos among the Mughals and their state leaders then swept in with its own armies

8. Changes in India New educational systems English language
British laws were introduced
Banned sati

9. Sati

11. The Sepoy Mutiny Sepoy – Indian soldier who fights in the British army
Muslim sepoys did not eat pork
Hindu sepoys did not eat beef

12. The Enfield Rifle Cartridge had to be bitten off on one end.
The end was thought to be greased with pork or beef fat.
Sepoys refused
to use these
Cartridges.

13. The Facts
Sepoys killed their British officers and British women and children.
British captured sepoys and strapped them to cannons and then shot them.
Villages were burned.
The rebellion lasted two years.

14. The Raj A Hindi word meaning “rule”
Indian Civil Service – this group ruled India yet most officials were British
British lived in segregated neighborhoods

15. India’s Natural Resources
Cotton
Tea
Indigo
Jute
Salt

16. Social Darwinism Darwinism applied to human society
A Sociological theory stating that individuals or groups achieve advantage over others as the result of genetic or biological superiority.
Many British commonly believed that they were destined to rule or lead over other people.

17. Darwin = natural selection
Herbert Spencer = Social Darwinism
EXAMPLE: The peppered moth

18. Swadeshi
A movement which called for the boycott of British goods by the Indians.
EXAMPLE: Only wear Indian made garments

19. Reasons for Swadeshi British wanted to partition Bengal
British felt that two provinces would be easier to govern
Indians felt that this was an attempt to break apart Bengal’s Hindu population.

20. Muslim League Sought to protect Indian Muslims
Main organization in the struggle for Indian independence
Muslims feared that Hindus opposed the partition because they wanted to preserve their own Hindu power.

21. Struggle for Independence
The Indian National Congress and The Muslim League were the main organizations in the struggle for Indian Independence.

22. Category Effects Politics Economics Society
Create a chart like this in your notes and use it to summarize the effects of British rule on India. Place a star next to the effect that you think was the most significant.
Category
Effects
Politics
Economics
Society