1. Unit 4: Industrialization and Nationalism

2. Imperialism: the act of one nation/people extending its control/influence over that of weaker nations/peoples, socially, politically and/or economically.

3. Sec. 1: The British in India Setting the Stage A. By late 1700s, Europe began moving into Asia and Africa B. Made possible by… 1.Superior technology (esp. weaponry) 2.Previous empires in these areas were becoming weaker

4. Reasons for European Expansion in Asia and Africa 1. Superior Technology A. Steam-powered gunboats, repeating rifles, machine guns, railroads, etc. Hiram Maxim and his early machine gun 2. Weakening Empires A. Mughal Empire (India) after 1707 B. Ottoman Empire (Turkey & Middle East) during 1700s C. Qing Dynasty (China) by late 1700s

5. British East India Company The British take Control A. Br. East India Co. (privately- owned) took over from Mughal Empire & ruled India by 1800 B. Changes made to Indian society strained relations 1.Est. schools to teach English 2.Banned some Indian customs (sati) 3.Pushed Christianity on natives (Hindu) 2. Sepoy Rebellion (1857) A. Sepoy = Indian soldiers in British army B. Problem over British cartridges greased in pork & beef fat; broke into full-scale rebellion C. Resulted in British govt. taking control from East India Co. D. Worsened relations between Indians and British

6. India as a British Colony 1. The Raj (rule) A. Britain governed India through the Indian Civil Service (ICS) B. Allowed Indians little to no say C. British saw themselves as superior (segregation/prejudice) D. British saw their rule as beneficial  Erected railroads, canals, roads  Education, missionary work

8. Rise of Indian Nationalism 1. Indian Frustration A. India being exploited for raw materials B. Prejudice & exclusion from govt. 2. Ram Mohun Roy (1820s) A. Argued for Indian pride & civil rights 3. Indian National Congress (1885) A. Pushed for more participation in ICS B. Became more radical in early 1900s due to perceived attempt by British to partition India C. Boycott of British goods (swadeshi movement) D. British gave in to certain demands