1. U.S. History
Objective 2.05

2. Objective 2.05
Identify the major reform movements and evaluate their effectiveness.

3. Dorothea Dix
Crusader for the rights of the mentally ill, established several hospitals dedicated to their care.

4. Dorothea Dix (continued)
# of state mental hospitals greatly increased during her lifetime
Work began in 1841 when she visited a Cambridge (Mass.) jail to give a Sunday School lesson
Saw horrific conditions

5. Rehabilitation
Idea that punishment should be used to reform the imprisoned so that they may reenter society as productive citizens
Dorothea Dix and Horace Mann worked toward this goal

6. Horace Mann Massachusetts leader of the educational reform movement.
Said that we must “prepare children to become good citizens” for our republic.

7. Horace Mann (continued)
Known as the “father of the American common school”
Served in Mass. state legislature
Elected to U.S. House of Rep. in 1848
Antislavery (abolition)
Temperance
Hospital for the insane

8. Second Great Awakening
Religious revival – 1820s and 1830s
Begins 1826 – Charles Grandison Finney
Rejections “predestination” of Calvinism
Success in the “burned out district”

9. Second Great Awakening (continued)
Long meetings, communitywide campaigns, the “anxious bench”
Church member ship grew
Theodore Dwight Weld

10. Second Great Awakening (continued)
Inspired or contributed to many secular reform movements
Temperance, antidueling, public education, utopian socialism

11. Utopian Communities Est. mid-19th century.
Based on idea that all individuals receive equal shares of wealth for an equal amount of work.

12. Utopian Communities (continued)
Robert Owen
Brook Farm (Massachusetts)
Oneida
New Harmony (Indiana)

13. Women’s Rights Worked for by: Lucretia Mott Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Susan B. Anthony
Sojourner Truth

14. Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Helped lead Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 (with Susan B. Anthony)

15. Seneca Falls Convention
Held in NY in 1848
Women’s rights meeting
Led by Stanton and Anthony
Present the “Declaration of Sentiments”
Comparable to “Declaration of Independence”

16. Susan B. Anthony
Firmly committed to female suffrage

17. Female Suffrage
When does it occur?
1919 – 19th Amendment